Associations between visceral fat and liver fat with insulin sensitivity and metabolic risk in obese adolescents

Brown, Ruth E.; Kuk, Jennifer L.; Libman, Ingrid; Rivera-Vega, Michelle; Lee, So Jung

doi:10.1139/bcb-2014-0064

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The insulin levels were maintained at 86.5 (68.5–106.2) μ U/mL. Peripheral insulin sensitivity ( M value) was calculated by dividing the insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate by the steady-state plasma insulin concentration during the last 30 minutes of the clamp [14]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Fat Deposition on Insulin Sensitivity: Correlation of Hepatocellular Lipid Content andMValue

Hong

Liu

Lai

et al. 2016

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Purpose. This study aimed to explore the relationship among insulin sensitivity and ectopic fat depots in participants with different glucose status. Methods. Fifty-nine men and women were enrolled in this study: 29 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 17 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 13 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). All participants underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to assess the insulin sensitivity index (M value) and magnetic resonance imaging to measure the hepatocellular lipid content (HCL), skeletal muscle fat content including intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) and extramyocellular lipid (EMCL) of tibialis anterior (ta), and soleus muscle (sol). Results. The M value of NGT group was higher than those of IGT and T2DM groups (P = 0.001). Participants with T2DM had the highest HCL and IMCL (ta) compared with those in NGT and IGT groups (P = 0.001). The M value had an inverse relationship with HCL (r = −0.789, P = 0.001), IMCL (sol) (r = −0.427, P = 0.002), and IMCL (ta) (r = −0.419, P = 0.002). Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that HCL (standardized β = −0.416; P = 0.001) had an independent relationship with M value. Conclusions. Hepatocellular lipid content deposition happens earlier than skeletal muscle fat deposition. HCL is an independent risk factor for insulin resistance and may be used to evaluate the risk of developing T2DM as a noninvasive marker of insulin sensitivity index.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Fat Deposition on Insulin Sensitivity: Correlation of Hepatocellular Lipid Content andMValue

Hong

Liu

Lai

et al. 2016

Journal of Diabetes Research

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“…Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common among obese children and adolescents (Lavine and Schwimmer 2004) and is strongly linked to insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia (Perseghin et al 2006;Schwimmer et al 2008;Kim et al 2012;Wicklow et al 2012;Brown et al 2015). NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis (triglyceride accumulation within hepatocytes) to more advanced form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which includes inflammation and liver cell injury (Lavine and Schwimmer 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waist circumference is associated with liver fat in black and white adolescents

Lee

Kuk

Boesch

et al. 2017

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Abstract:We examined whether waist circumference (WC) is associated with liver fat in black and white adolescents. Liver fat was measured using a 3T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) in 152 overweight/obese adolescents (94 black and 58 white, body mass index (BMI) ≥85th percentile, aged 12-18 years) without liver diseases or diabetes. WC was measured at the last rib. Total and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. The proportion of fatty liver (defined as liver fat ≥5.0% by 1 H-MRS) was lower (P < 0.01) in black adolescents (5.3%) compared with their white peers (24.1%). Despite similar age, BMI, WC, and total adiposity (%), black adolescents had lower (P < 0.01) VAT (59.0% vs. 81.3 cm 2 ), liver fat (1.6% vs. 3.5%), and alanine aminotransferase (17.2 vs. 22.0 IU/L) compared with their white peers. Independent of race, WC was associated with liver fat (black, r = 0.43; white, r = 0.64) in a similar magnitude to the association between VAT and liver fat (black, r = 0.44; white, r = 0.51) and these findings remained significant after controlling for age, sex, Tanner stage, and total adiposity. In blacks, WC and sex (male) were independent (P < 0.01) predictors of liver fat, explaining 17.1% and 5.6% of the variance, respectively, while in whites WC was the single best predictor, explaining 40.8% of the variance in liver fat. These findings suggest that enlarged WC is a marker of increased liver fat in overweight/obese white and black adolescents.Key words: childhood obesity, race, waist circumference, visceral fat, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Mots-clés : obésité infantile, race, tour de taille, gras viscéral, stéatose hépatique non alcoolique, spectroscopie par résonance magnétique du proton.

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“…VAT is seen as particularly detrimental 59 as it is more insulin‐resistant and has greater capacity to uptake glucose than SAT adipocytes 60 . Moreover, excessively deposited visceral fat will secrete numerous adipokines and inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin (IL)‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and macrophage chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), inducing insulin resistance and accelerating the development of diabetes 61,62 . These mechanisms suggest that interventions to prevent diabetes should give priority to decreasing the accumulation of central adiposity, especially the amount of VAT, in obese individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of adiposity with diabetes: A national research among Chinese adults

Wang

Zou

et al. 2020

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Background Adiposity is an established risk factor for diabetes. The different measurements of adiposity for predicting diabetes have been compared in recent studies in Western countries. However, similar researches among Chinese adults are limited. Methods Data were collected from a national survey conducted during September 2014 and May 2015 Among Chinese adults aged 40 years and older across 30 China's provinces. Multilevel model analysis was performed to examine the impacts of different obesity indices [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), lipid accumulation product index (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and body adiposity index (BAI)] on the risk of diabetes. Results A total of 162 880 participants were included in this study. Of them, 54.47% were female. With an increase in BMI, WC, LAP, VAI, and BAI, the prevalence of diabetes significantly grew (P < 0.001). The multilevel model analysis showed that WC has the strongest impact on diabetes prevalence, while BAI was the weakest. For one SD increment in BMI, WC, LAP, VAI, and BAI, the prevalence of diabetes increased by 27.0% (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.270, 95% Confidence interval (CI) = 1.251–1.289), 37.4% (OR = 1.374, 95% CI = 1.346–1.401), 28.1% (OR = 1.281, 95% CI = 1.266–1.297), 22.0% (OR = 1.220, 95% CI = 1.204–1.236), and 17.4% (OR = 1.174, 95% CI = 1.151–1.192), respectively. Conclusion Obesity indicators of BMI, WC, LAP, VAI, and BAI have significant positive relationships with the risk of diabetes. WC has the strongest impact on diabetes, while BAI has the weakest.

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Associations between visceral fat and liver fat with insulin sensitivity and metabolic risk in obese adolescents

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Ectopic Fat Deposition on Insulin Sensitivity: Correlation of Hepatocellular Lipid Content andMValue

Ectopic Fat Deposition on Insulin Sensitivity: Correlation of Hepatocellular Lipid Content andMValue

Waist circumference is associated with liver fat in black and white adolescents

Association of adiposity with diabetes: A national research among Chinese adults

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