Associations of apparent temperature with acute cardiac events and subtypes of acute coronary syndromes in Beijing, China

Abstract

Limited evidence is available on apparent temperature (AT) and hospital admissions for acute cardiac events. We examined the associations of AT with admissions for acute cardiac events and acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and explored the effect difference between ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction ACS (NSTE-ACS). Poisson regression with distributed lag non-linear model was applied to examine the temperature-lag-admission associations. Stratified analyses were performed by gender and age-groups for acute cardiac events. A total of 11,657 acute cardiac events admissions were collected from hospital-based chest pain centers in Beijing, during 2017–2019. The single day effect of low AT (− 11 °C, 2.5th percentile) appeared on the 2nd day and persisted until the 11th day, with estimated relative risk (RR) ranging from 1.44 (95% CI: 1.159, 1.790) to 1.084 (95% CI: 1.022, 1.150) for acute cardiac events and from 1.034 (95% CI: 1.010, 1.059) to 1.006 (95% CI: 1.000, 1.011) for ACS. The single day effect of high AT (34 °C, 97.5th percentile) was only observed on the current day. The cold effect on acute cardiac events was more pronounced among female and older patients. The cumulative effect of high AT on STEMI admissions and low AT on NSTE-ACS reached a peak RR peak of 2.545 (95% CI: 1.016, 6.375) and 3.71 (95% CI: 1.315, 10.469) on lag 0–6 days, respectively. Both high and low ATs were associated with increased risk of acute cardiac events and ACS admissions. STEMI admissions may be more sensitive to high AT while NSTE-ACS to low AT.

Short-term effects of air pollution and weather changes on the occurrence of acute aortic dissection in a cold region

“…This association between low temperatures and AAD risk (with lags of 0 to 7 days) was detected even with a long heating period during winter in cold regions. This result aligns with previous findings of associations between low ambient temperature and a high risk of acute cardiovascular incidents, such as acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, hypertension, and stroke (25)(26)(27)(28)(29). In addition, the risk of AAD increased with lower ambient temperature to a greater extent than the risks of the cardiovascular events listed above.…”

Short-Term Changes in Weather Conditions and the Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome Hospitalization with and without ST-Segment Elevation: A Focus on Vulnerable Subgroups

“…On the other hand, other data suggested a significant correlation between the frequent occurrence of AMI and decreased air temperature, along with heightened atmospheric pressure, low humidity, and prolonged sunshine duration [ 33 ]. Reports from a study in China revealed an uptick in the number of STEMI hospitalizations during periods of high apparent temperatures and an increased incidence of NSTEMI on days with low apparent temperatures [ 34 ].…”

Association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular diseases related hospital admissions in Lanzhou, China

“…However, most current studies reported that extremely high temperatures increased the risk of CVD admission. For example, in Beijing, the cumulative effect of high apparent temperature on ST segment elevation myocardial infarction related admissions reached a peak relative risk of 2.55 (95% CI: 1.02–6.38) in lag 0–6 days [ 48 ]. A 272 main Chinese cities time serials study found a relative risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease associated with extreme high temperature was 1.22 (95% CI: 1.16–1.28) [ 49 ].…”