Associations of bovine beta-casein and  kappa-casein genotypes with genomic   merit in Holstein Friesian cattle

Ardicli, Sena; Aldevir, Özgür; Aksu, Emrah; Kucuk, Kerem; Gümen, Ahmet

doi:10.5194/aab-67-61-2024

Arch. Anim. Breed.

2024

DOI: 10.5194/aab-67-61-2024

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Associations of bovine beta-casein and kappa-casein genotypes with genomic merit in Holstein Friesian cattle

Sena Ardicli,

Özgür Aldevir,

Emrah Aksu

et al.

Abstract: Abstract. The relationship between the index values used to evaluate the genomic value and essential markers such as casein genes provides important information at the herd level. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between casein gene genotypes and the indices of genetic merit in Holstein Friesian cattle. A total of 805 cows were genotyped using the Affymetrix® Axiom® array system. We used data composed of the total performance index (TPI) and net merit (NM) values as well as the predicte… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows

Caffaro,

Raschia,

Maizon

et al. 2024

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Context Traits considered for selection are influenced by social, consumer, and breeder demands. In the past decades, there has been increasing global interest in producing milk free from the β-casein (CSN2) A1 allele because of the health benefits it may have. This has encouraged many breeders to select A2A2 cows in their dairy cattle herds. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation in the bovine CSN2 gene regarding A1-like and A2-like variants and to assess the potential association between these variants and production traits in Holstein cows. Methods In total, 2600 Holstein cows from three commercial dairy farms with different breeding objectives and phenotypic records taken over different seasons, periods, and lactations were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphism rs43703011, which distinguishes A1-like from A2-like β-casein variants. Allele and genotype frequencies were determined and their breeding values for milk, fat, and protein yields, and fat and protein percentages were estimated. The influence of CSN2 genotypes on these breeding values was studied through a one-way ANOVA. For the significant CSN2 genotype–breeding value associations, allele substitution effects were estimated. Key results We found allele frequencies for A1-like and A2-like alleles in the ranges 0.262–0.366 and 0.634–0.738 respectively, and genotype frequencies in the ranges of 0.043–0.125, 0.43–0.537, and 0.393–0.523 for A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes respectively. We demonstrated that the A2-like CSN2 variant correlates with higher estimated breeding values (EBVs) for milk, protein, and fat yields, and lower EBVs for fat and protein percentages. Conclusions These results are valuable to visualize the trends in CSN2 allele and genotype frequency changes over the years and to analyze the effect of the different variants of β-casein on production performance. Implications Our findings contribute to evaluating the consequences on dairy performance of selection for the A2-like variant.

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Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows

Caffaro,

Raschia,

Maizon

et al. 2024

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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A comprehensive analysis of the effects of DGAT1 K232A polymorphism on milk production and fertility traits in Holstein Friesian and Jersey cows reared in Türkiye

Ardicli,

Cobanoglu,

Kul

et al. 2024

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Abstract. Research on the diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) K232A marker in cattle shows inconsistent results across regions, largely due to small sample sizes, limited genetic variation, and data restricted to few lactations, which complicates establishing a reliable genotype–phenotype correlation. This research aimed to determine the effect of the K232A polymorphism of the bovine DGAT1 gene on milk production and quality traits in dairy cattle. We used 1104 cattle, including 828 Holstein Friesian and 276 Jersey cows. The analysis utilized extensive data from six lactations of cows raised on four commercial dairy farms. We genotyped the population using the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and Sanger sequencing for verification. We then evaluated the 305 d and test-day milk yields as well as fat and protein yields and percentages. The number of inseminations per conception and calving ease were also assessed as reproduction indices. Genotype–phenotype associations were quantified using linear mixed models. The AA genotype was absent in Jersey cows, and the heterozygous genotype was predominant in both breeds. The K232A marker was significantly associated with test-day milk yield, fat, and protein content in Jersey cows. Further, it substantially affected the fat percentage of milk in Holstein Friesian cows (p<0.001). We found that the KK genotype is highly desirable for milk quality and especially fat content. This comprehensive assessment demonstrated that the KK genotype of the DGAT1 K232A polymorphism significantly influenced fat and protein contents in dairy cattle.

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The impact of LEP gene polymorphisms located at exon 2 (LEP-HinfI) and intron 2 (LEP-Sau3AI) on growth and reproductive traits in Saanen goats

Senturk,

Selvi,

Demir

et al. 2024

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Abstract. Leptin (LEP), alternatively recognized as the obesity gene, influences food consumption, energy balance, and lipid metabolism. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, and variations in the LEP gene have been studied extensively among various livestock species. These investigations have unveiled correlations with traits such as meat quality, milk yield and composition, and growth characteristics. Nevertheless, the existing knowledge regarding its correlation with growth and reproductive traits in goats is comparatively limited, particularly when juxtaposed with studies of cattle. Hence, the objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms in the intron 2 (Sau3AI) and exon 2 (HinfI) regions of the LEP gene and growth and reproductive traits in Saanen goats. The study comprised 185 Saanen goats in total. The PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique was employed to genotype these polymorphisms. Population genetic analysis included the number of effective alleles, heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, and compatibility with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The general linear model procedure's least-squares methods were used for the statistical analysis. The SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) located in exon 2 (LEP-HinfI) was monomorphic. Remarkably, the SNP located in intron 2 (LEP-Sau3AI) was associated with birth weight (p<0.05) and average daily weight gain (p<0.05). In this context, the AA genotype demonstrated higher birth weight and daily live weight gain means compared to other genotypes. No significant differences were observed in litter size, total weight gain, or morphometric measurements. The caprine LEP-Sau3AI polymorphism situated within intron 2 proved influential in traits critical for the profitability and sustainability of goat breeding. The findings of this study provide novel and valuable information for future research on the LEP gene in goats.

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Associations of bovine beta-casein and kappa-casein genotypes with genomic merit in Holstein Friesian cattle

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows

Frequencies of β-casein variants and their influence on genetic merit for production traits in Holstein cows

A comprehensive analysis of the effects of DGAT1 K232A polymorphism on milk production and fertility traits in Holstein Friesian and Jersey cows reared in Türkiye

The impact of LEP gene polymorphisms located at exon 2 (LEP-HinfI) and intron 2 (LEP-Sau3AI) on growth and reproductive traits in Saanen goats

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