Associations of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors with age-related macular degeneration: the POLA study

Delcourt, Cécile; Michel, Françoise; Colvez, Alain; Lacroux, Annie; Delage, Michel; Vernet, Muriel

doi:10.1076/opep.8.4.237.1613

Cited by 218 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Meanwhile, the Pathologies Oculaires Liees a l'Age (POLA) study in France demonstrated an increased risk of advanced AMD and pigmentary abnormalities in obese participants. (18) In the AREDS study significant associations between greater BMI, neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy were observed. (4,19) In sum these findings contribute to the body of evidence that overweight/obesity and markers of obesity are associated with AMD, possibly through an increase in oxidative damage and inflammation in overweight/obese persons (11).…”

Section: Body Mass Index and Markers Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between BMI and AMD has been previously studied (4,11,(16)(17)(18)(19). The Beaver Dam Eye Study (BDES) showed a significant relationship between higher BMI, higher waistto-hip ratio and early AMD in women, (16) while the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES) reported an increased risk of early AMD associated with BMI outside the normal range.…”

Section: Body Mass Index and Markers Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other population-based studies that have examined the relationship of diabetes to AMD did not detect any association. (10,12,18,35) Only few studies showed any association. (11,(19)(20)(21) While the lack of a positive finding in our study could be due to numerous reasons including a survivor effect and systematic grading errors, it is also possible that diabetes mellitus may have a different impact on AMD in different populations.…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of both AMD and cardiovascular disease are strongly age-dependent, but there are conflicting reports about the independent associations of cardiovascular disease, its risk factors and AMD. Factors such as hypertension, (4-10) previous vascular events, (9,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) obesity, (4,11,(16)(17)(18)(19) and diabetes (11,20,21) have been significantly associated with early and advanced AMD in several studies. Hypertension and atherosclerosis have been hypothesized by Friedman (22) to increase the risk of AMD through the reduction of blood flow through the choroidal vasculature and lipid deposition in Bruch's membrane with a reduction of permeability leading to the upregulation of vascular endothelial derived growth factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(26) Most data on the association between various cardiovascular risk factors and AMD have been derived from studies among non-Hispanic Whites. (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)11,13,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) To date, there have been few published risk factor analyses of AMD and cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors among Latinos. (9,10,12,14) The Latino population is the largest minority group in the United States (US) and the fastest growing segment of the US population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Age-related Macular Degeneration: The Los Angeles Latino Eye Study

Fraser‐Bell

Klein

et al. 2008

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose-To assess the association of cardiovascular risk factors, ocular perfusion pressure with early and advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Latinos.Design-Population-based, cross-sectional study.Methods-Data were collected from a population-based sample of self-identified adult Latinos using standardized protocols for assessing blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and stereoscopic macular photography. Hypertension was defined as either a history of hypertension or systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140mmHg +/− diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥85mmHg. Ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) was defined as the difference between mean arterial blood pressure and IOP. AMD was diagnosed from photographic grading by masked trained graders. Logistic regression was used to assess associations.Results-Gradable retinal photographs were available in 5875 participants. After adjusting for age, sex, and cigarette smoking, higher DBP and uncontrolled diastolic hypertension were associated with exudative AMD (Odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1−2.8; and OR, 3.3; CI, 1.2 −9.3, respectively). Higher OPP was associated with a decreased risk of GA (OR, 0.4 per 10mmHg; CI, 0.3−0.5). Low pulse pressure was associated with a lower risk of exudative AMD (OR, 0.2; CI, 0.1−0.6). Obesity was associated with increased retinal pigment (OR, 1.6; CI, 1.0−2.3). Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusion-These data suggest that in Latinos cardiovascular risk factors may play a role in advanced AMD. Given that Latinos have a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, an intervention aimed at reducing these risk factors may also have a beneficial impact on the risk of having early and advanced AMD. NIH Public Access

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Section: Body Mass Index and Markers Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Body Mass Index and Markers Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Age-related Macular Degeneration: The Los Angeles Latino Eye Study

Fraser‐Bell

Klein

et al. 2008

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Seddon

Côté²,

Davis³

et al. 2003

Arch Ophthalmol

338

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Background: Individuals with early or intermediate stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) make up a large and growing segment of our elderly population. To advise these high-risk patients regarding preventive measures, we evaluated anthropomorphic, behavioral, and medical factors associated with progression to the advanced stages of AMD associated with visual loss. Methods:The design was a prospective cohort study in a hospital-based retinal practice. The 261 participants were 60 years or older, with some sign of nonadvanced AMD and visual acuity of 20/200 or better in at least 1 eye. The average follow-up time was 4.6 years, and the total person-years of follow-up was 1198. Factors associated with rates of progression to advanced AMD were assessed by the Cox proportional hazards model. Outcome Measures: Progression to geographic atrophy and neovascular disease. Results: Higher body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) increased the risk for progression to the advanced forms of AMD. Relative risk (RR) was 2.35 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-4.34) for a body mass index of at least

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Relation of Statin Use to the 5-Year Incidence and Progression of Age-Related Maculopathy

Klein

Klein²,

Tomany³

et al. 2003

Arch Ophthalmol

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To examine the association of hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) with the 5-year incidence of age-related maculopathy (ARM). Design: Population-based cohort study. Participants included persons 48 to 91 years old examined March 1, 1993, through June 14, 1995, living in Beaver Dam, Wis (N=3684), of whom 2780 participated in a follow-up 5 years later. Methods: Standardized procedures were used for physical examinations, blood sample collection, and questionnaire administration. Age-related maculopathy was determined by grading images of the posterior pole using a standard protocol. Standard univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence and progression of ARM was measured over the 5-year interval. Results: While controlling for age and sex, statin use was not found to be associated with the 5-year incidence of early ARM (odds ratio [OR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-2.67), progression of ARM (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.54-2.76), or incidence of late ARM (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.12-1.45). Conclusions: These findings do not suggest an association between statin use and incident ARM over a 5-year period. Further investigation of these relationships in larger studies over a longer period is needed.

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Associations of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors with age-related macular degeneration: the POLA study

Cited by 218 publications

References 22 publications

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Age-related Macular Degeneration: The Los Angeles Latino Eye Study

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Age-related Macular Degeneration: The Los Angeles Latino Eye Study

Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Relation of Statin Use to the 5-Year Incidence and Progression of Age-Related Maculopathy

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