Associations of childhood and adult adversity with daily experiences in adulthood

Nayman, Sibel; Jones, Emily J.H.; Smyth, Joshua M.; Schreier, Hannah M.C.

doi:10.1002/smi.3090

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…The RFQ has been validated against clinical interviews of childhood adverse experiences (e.g., Taylor et al, 2004) and demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ranges from .77 to .85; Coelho et al, 2014). Previous research analyzing the PCS3 data have reported Cronbach’s α = .72 (Nayman et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early adversity and cardiovascular stress response: Stress reactivity or sensitivity to context.

et al. 2023

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Objective: The stress reactivity hypothesis (SRH) posits that stressful early environments contribute to exaggerated stress responses, which increase risk for later cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, recent studies have revealed conflicting associations. The current study examined whether the biological sensitivity to context theory (BSCT) or SRH is a more accurate description of associations between early stress and CV reactivity and recovery, and determine which framework best explains sleep outcomes. This is the first article to conceptually link these theories and empirically examine competing hypotheses. Method: Participants were 213 adults who participated in the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3. Early environment stress was assessed by four self-report measures consistent with operationalizations of the BSCT. Average heart rate and mean arterial pressure reactivity to the trier social stress test were assessed on two occasions, and sleep parameters were assessed using wrist-worn actigraphy over 7 days. Results: Results generally did not support the SRH; little evidence that high-stress early environments were reliably associated with exaggerated CV reactivity or slower CV recovery, and little evidence that these CV stress responses were consistently associated with poor sleep. However, there was some support for the BSCT; both high-stress and low-stress early environments were associated with exaggerated CV reactivity, the combination of high-stress and high CV reactivity was associated with poor sleep, and the combination of low-stress and high CV reactivity was associated with better sleep. Conclusions: Associations proposed by the BSCT persist into adulthood and may help explain associations with poor health outcomes. Public Significance StatementThis is the first article to conceptually link the stress reactivity hypothesis (SRH) and biological sensitivity to context theory (BSCT), and empirically examine their competing hypotheses. Findings provided some of the first evidence of the associations proposed by the BSCT in an adult sample and suggest this model may help explain associations between early environment stress, cardiovascular stress responses, and disease risk which contradict the SRH.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early adversity and cardiovascular stress response: Stress reactivity or sensitivity to context.

et al. 2023

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“…The RFQ has been validated against clinical interviews of childhood adverse experiences and demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ranges from 0.77–0.85) [ 35 , 36 ]. Previous research analyzing the PCS3 data have reported Cronbach’s α = 0.72 [ 37 ]. For the purposes of this study, higher total RFQ scores will be considered to reflect more stressful, less supportive early environments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky Early Family Environment and Genetic Associations with Adult Metabolic Dysregulation

Huizar

Cundiff

Schmidt

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Growing up in a family environment characterized by neglectful parenting, overt conflict, and unsupportive relationships is associated with poor health in adulthood. A risky early family environment may also be associated with obesity in adulthood, likely through the activation of the HPA axis. Likewise, the GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acid) T>C single nucleotide polymorphism in the 1519 nucleotide position of the GABAAα6 receptor subunit gene has been associated with a predisposition to a higher body mass index and a larger waist circumference. Participants (n = 213, Mage = 30.13 years, SD = 10.85; 57.7% men) from the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3 completed a demographic questionnaire, the Risky Families Questionnaire (RFQ) and had their height, weight, and waist circumference measured during a physical exam. Participant DNA was recovered from buccal swabs and genotyped for the various allelic types of the SNP according to published protocols. In secondary data analyses, we tested the hypothesis that early family environment and GABRA6 would be positively associated with body mass index and waist circumference. We also examined diurnal cortisol as a mechanism linking both early risky family environment and GABRA6 to metabolic outcomes. The findings provide evidence that a risky early family environment may exert more influence than genetic predisposition when determining the indices of metabolic health in adulthood.

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“…Research on childhood adversity indicates that childhood adversity is associated with higher negative affect, lower positive affect (56,57) and higher perceived stress (58) during daily life in adult non-clinical samples, and with the development of various forms of psychopathology (cf. 26,59).…”

Section: Effects Of Childhood Adversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood adversity predicts stronger premenstrual mood worsening, stress appraisal and cortisol decrease in women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Nayman,

Schricker,

Reinhard

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundLifetime traumatic events are prevalent in women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and predict stronger premenstrual symptom intensities. Less is known about the unique effects of childhood adversity on PMDD. This study aims to investigate the menstrual cycle related course of mood, stress appraisal and cortisol activity over time and the effects of childhood adversity – by controlling for recent stressful life events – on the cyclicity of these outcomes.MethodsFifty-two women with PMDD completed questionnaires on childhood adversity and stressful life events during the past 12 months. Momentary negative and positive affect, stress appraisal, and saliva-cortisol were assessed within an Ambulatory Assessment (AA) design over four consecutive days during both the follicular and the late luteal phase. This AA was repeated after five months, resulting in two measurement bursts.ResultsWomen with PMDD showed expected cycle related variations in mood and stress appraisal, whereby these effects weakened over time. No cortisol cyclicity was identified. Higher childhood adversity was linked to stronger increases in negative affect and stress appraisal, and stronger decreases in positive affect from the follicular toward the late luteal phase. Women with higher childhood adversity exhibited lower cortisol levels during the late luteal phase compared to the follicular phase whereas no such cyclicity was found in women with lower childhood adversity.ConclusionChildhood adversity appears to show independent deteriorating effects on premenstrual mood worsening and stress appraisal in women with PMDD. The observed cortisol cyclicity in women with higher childhood adversity may point to different neuroendocrine subtypes of PMDD in relation to childhood trauma and requires further systematic research.

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Associations of childhood and adult adversity with daily experiences in adulthood

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Early adversity and cardiovascular stress response: Stress reactivity or sensitivity to context.

Early adversity and cardiovascular stress response: Stress reactivity or sensitivity to context.

Risky Early Family Environment and Genetic Associations with Adult Metabolic Dysregulation

Childhood adversity predicts stronger premenstrual mood worsening, stress appraisal and cortisol decrease in women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

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