Associations of Chronotype, Daily Intake of Fat, Fiber, Magnesium, and Potassium with Blood Pressure among Adolescents

Abstract

Circadian rhythm and daily intake of fat, fiber, and micronutrients have a different relationship to blood pressure. This study analyzed the relationship of chronotype, daily intake of fat, fiber, magnesium, and potassium with blood pressure in adolescents. One hundred and forty-three students from several schools in Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province participated in this cross-sectional study. Chronotype data and daily intake were obtained using a questionnaire. Chronotype was analyzed using chisquare while daily intake of fat, fiber, magnesium, and potassium were analyzed using rank spearman. The relationship variables were further analyzed using multiple linear regression. A total of 34.4% of adolescents were found to have stage 1 and 2 hypertension. In bivariate analyzed, chronotype was significantly related to systolic (p= 0.001 OR=3.68) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.01 OR=3.03), while daily intake of fat was significantly related only to systolic blood pressure (p= 0.000 r=0.306). daily intake of fiber, magnesium, and potassium were not related to blood pressure. In multivariate analyzed, chronotype (p= 0,015 B= 5,53), daily intake of fat (p= 0,00 B= 0,31), and fiber (p= 0,041 B= -0,66) were significantly related to systolic blood. Daily intake of fat had the greatest influence on systolic blood pressure (Standardized Coefficient = 0.358). while on diastolic blood pressure, only chronotype (p= 0.013 B= 3,51) and daily intake of fat (p= 0,027 B= 0,1) were significantly related. Chronotype had the greatest influence on diastolic blood pressure (Standardized Coefficient = 0.211).