2023
DOI: 10.3201/eid2903.220320
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Associations ofAnaplasma phagocytophilumBacteria Variants inIxodes scapularisTicks and Humans, New York, USA

Abstract: Anaplasmosis, caused by the tickborne bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum , is an emerging public health threat in the United States. In the northeastern United States, the blacklegged tick ( Ixodes scapularis ) transmits the human pathogenic genetic variant of A. phagocytophilum (Ap-ha) and a nonpathogenic variant (Ap-V1). New York has recently experienced a rapid and geographically focused increase in cases of anaplasmosis. We analyzed … Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…miyamotoi ERI in Region 4, an area known as the “Capital District Region”, was also significantly higher than risk in Region 5, which includes the Adirondack Mountains. The relatively higher levels of risk in Regions 3 and 4 are not surprising, as these areas of NYS also have increased prevalence of other I. scapularis -associated pathogens, including A. phagocytophilum (Russell et al 2021, Prusinski et al 2023), Bo. burgdorferi (Prusinski et al 2014, Lin et al 2019) and Ba.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…miyamotoi ERI in Region 4, an area known as the “Capital District Region”, was also significantly higher than risk in Region 5, which includes the Adirondack Mountains. The relatively higher levels of risk in Regions 3 and 4 are not surprising, as these areas of NYS also have increased prevalence of other I. scapularis -associated pathogens, including A. phagocytophilum (Russell et al 2021, Prusinski et al 2023), Bo. burgdorferi (Prusinski et al 2014, Lin et al 2019) and Ba.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All real-time mulitplex PCR data were interpreted with a cut-off of cycle 40 and analyzed using the Applied Biosystems 7500 SDS Software Version 1.4 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) as previously described (Piedmonte et al 2018). Samples testing positive for A. phagocytophilum by multiplex PCR were further tested using a custom TaqMan SNP genotyping PCR assay to differentiate between the Ap-ha and Ap-V1 variants of A. phagocytophilum as described elsewhere (Krakowetz et al 2014, Prusinski et al 2023).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Severe illness is more frequently reported in older and immunocompromised patients, but it can also affect immunocompetent individuals and may lead to hospitalization or death if appropriate treatment is not provided promptly. Generally, patients show significant improvement within 24-48 hours after starting antimicrobial treatment with doxycycline [28].…”
Section: Lyme Borreliosis Is Primarily Caused By the Bacteriummentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies on the spatial distribution of A. phagocytophilum genotypes have also been conducted; for example, in Asia a common cycle for ruminant livestock and small rodents based on the 16S rRNA and the partial p44ESup1 genes was proposed [ 11 ]. Spatial studies carried out in North America detected two main variants, also based on the 16S rRNA of A. phagocytophilum [ 12 , 13 ], with both strains differing in their pathogenicity for humans. While white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) are suspected to carry the human pathogenic strain AP-ha, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are suspected to carry variant AP-Variant-1 which is less pathogenic to humans [ 7 , 14 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%