Associations of Maternal Cell-Phone Use During Pregnancy With Pregnancy Duration and Fetal Growth in 4 Birth Cohorts

Tsarna, Ermioni; Reedijk, Marije; Birks, Laura Ellen; Guxens, Mònica; Ballester, Ferrán; Ha, Mina; Jiménez-Zabala, Ana; Kheifets, Leeka; Lertxundi, Aitana; Lim, Heung Bin; Olsen, Jørn; González-Safont, Llúcia; Sudan, Madhuri; Cardis, Elisabeth; Vrijheid, Martine; Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.; Huss, Anke; Vermeulen, Roel

doi:10.1093/aje/kwz092

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In this case, the possibility of direct effects must be considered, as some published data suggest an increased susceptibility of the fetus to thermal effects related to HF-EMF [33], while no specific adverse outcomes seem associated with SMF and ELF-EMF exposure [8][9][10][11]20]. Recently, some quite large epidemiological studies on cohorts of pregnant women with ELF-MF exposure [34,35] and with exposure to higher EMF frequencies from other sources [36,37] have been published; no associations with adverse maternal outcomes were found for ELF-MF, while possible associations with outcomes as preterm births were reported for higher frequencies, and the results deserve further confirmation in future studies.…”

Section: Workers At Particular Risk For Electromagnetic Fields Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Health Surveillance according to the European Directive 2013/35/EU

Modenese

Gobba

2021

IJERPH

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In the European Union, health surveillance (HS) of electromagnetic fields (EMF)-exposed workers is mandatory according to the Directive 2013/35/EU, aimed at the prevention of known direct biophysical effects and indirect EMF’s effects. Long-term effects are not addressed in the Directive as the evidence of a causal relationship is considered inadequate. Objectives of HS are the prevention or early detection of EMF adverse effects, but scant evidence is hitherto available on the specific procedures. A first issue is that no specific laboratory tests or medical investigations have been demonstrated as useful for exposure monitoring and/or prevention of the effects. Another problem is the existence of workers at particular risk (WPR), i.e., subjects with specific conditions inducing an increased susceptibility to the EMF-related risk (e.g., workers with active medical devices or other conditions); exposures within the occupational exposure limit values (ELVs) are usually adequately protective against EMF’s effects, but lower exposures can possibly induce a health risk in WPR. Consequently, the HS of EMF-exposed workers according to the EU Directive should be aimed at the early detection and monitoring of the recognized adverse effects, as well as an early identification of WPR for the adoption of adequate preventive measures.

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Section: Workers At Particular Risk For Electromagnetic Fields Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Health Surveillance according to the European Directive 2013/35/EU

Modenese

Gobba

2021

IJERPH

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“…These findings indicate the considerable contribution of medical teams, particularly obstetrics, in providing accurate information to pregnant women. Studies indicate that although the issue has not been definitely proven, and cell phone use during pregnancy may be associated with a small impact on birth outcomes, the accumulative impact on public health may be considerable (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also reported that prenatal and early postnatal exposure to cell phone radiation were associated with behavioral disorders such as hyperactivity (15). Huss et al planned a meta-analysis and found that the use of cell phones during pregnancy was significantly associated with preterm labor and a shorter duration of pregnancy (23). In a population-based birth cohort study on 2618 children, Guexens et al (12) concluded that teacher-reported behavioral disorders at the age of seven were associated with cell phone use during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Attitude Towards Cell Phone Use During Pregnancy; A Potential Harm to the Fetus

et al. 2021

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Background: Despite the lack of conclusive and proven supporting epidemiologic data about the association between cell phone radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) and the developing fetus complications, there are frequent discussions about this matter. Methods: A medical student interviewed eligible pregnant women admitted to Al Zahra Hospital, an academic referral hospital in the North of Iran, to fill questionnaires intended to assess maternal demographic data and their attitude towards cell phone use during pregnancy in 2020. Results: A total of 322 pregnant women with the mean age of 30.12 ± 6.81 years enrolled in the survey, in which 3.1% of them were non-cell phone users, and 6.052% of all did not use a cell phone during the first trimester. Also, 38.81% of them mentioned healthcare providers as the main source of obtaining information, while 40.6% did receive any information. The mean years of cell phone use and the daily hours were 8.26 ± 4.1 and 2.66 ± 2.02, respectively. Also, 64.3% believed that cell phone use poses risks to the fetus, while 26.7% had no idea. A positive association was also found concerning maternal awareness from cell phones harmfulness to the fetus and maternal education, residency, and employment (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: In this study, the majority of pregnant women believed that cell phone use during pregnancy could be harmful to the fetus; however, most of them were cell phone users with no special consideration even during the first trimester. It seems that the importance of the issue must be revealed to them by more healthcare providers’ interventions.

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“…For instance, a possible association between exposure to extremely lowfrequency EMFs and childhood leukemia [Ahlbom et al, 2000;Kheifets and Shimkhada, 2005;Kabuto et al, 2006] and a possible relationship between mobile phone use (radiofrequency EMFs) and brain tumors [Interphone Study Group, 2010;Hardell et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2017] have been extensively investigated. Epidemiological studies on the relationship between exposure to extremely low-frequency and radiofrequency EMFs during pregnancy and birth outcomes, however, are limited, and the results are inconsistent [Bracken et al, 1995;de Vocht et al, 2014;Tsarna et al, 2019]. Studies on the health effects of intermediate-frequency (IF) EMFs, meanwhile, are rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Use of Induction Heating Cookers During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: The Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study

Tokinobu

Tanaka

Arakawa

et al. 2021

Bioelectromagnetics

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The effects of exposure to intermediate-frequency electromagnetic fields (IF-EMFs) during pregnancy on birth outcomes are uncertain. We investigated the association between the use of induction heating (IH) cookers, which are major sources of IF-EMFs, during pregnancy and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), and birth weight, using data from a prebirth cohort study in Japan. Study participants were 1,565 mothers with singleton pregnancies and the babies born from these pregnancies. We collected the data presented here using self-administered questionnaires. An adjustment was made for maternal age, region of residence, number of children, family structure, maternal education, maternal employment, maternal alcohol intake, smoking during pregnancy, maternal body mass index, baby's sex, and gestational age at birth. IH cooker use during pregnancy was independently associated with a reduced risk of PTB: the adjusted odds ratio was 0.28 (95% confidence interval: 0.07-0.78). IH cooker use during pregnancy was not associated with LBW, SGA, or birth weight. This is the first study to show that IH cooker use during pregnancy is independently inversely associated with PTB. Bioelectromagnetics.

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Associations of Maternal Cell-Phone Use During Pregnancy With Pregnancy Duration and Fetal Growth in 4 Birth Cohorts

Cited by 26 publications

References 53 publications

Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Health Surveillance according to the European Directive 2013/35/EU

Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Health Surveillance according to the European Directive 2013/35/EU

Maternal Attitude Towards Cell Phone Use During Pregnancy; A Potential Harm to the Fetus

Maternal Use of Induction Heating Cookers During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: The Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study

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