Associations of medical status and physical fitness with periodontal disease

Abstract

To determine the possible associations of medical status and physical fitness with periodontal disease, a cross-sectional study was conducted. The subjects were 517 males and 113 females aged 23 to 83 years who participated in a multiphasic health test at the Aichi Prefectural Center of Health Care, Japan, from 1992 to 1997. Their periodontal status was assessed by means of the CPITN scoring system. To assess the strength of associations between the examined factors and the score, odds ratios were computed using ordinal logistic models. Conventional risk factors such as old age, smoking habits, and higher fasting plasma glucose and simplified debris index increased the risk of periodontal disease. Hypertension, hematuria, leucocytosis or thrombocytosis, positive C-reactive protein and higher serum alkaline phosphatase were positively associated with the score, whereas higher serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was related to a lower risk. Poor physical fitness affecting aerobic capacity, foot balance and reaction was associated with a higher CPITN score. These associations were independent of the conventional risk factors. Although these new potential risk factors should be further investigated for their causal relationship, our findings suggested a close relationship of oral health to medical status and physical fitness.

Associations of Periodontal Damage and Tooth Loss with Atherogenic Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…In addition, chewing ability may be an independent predictor of physical fitness measurements in the elderly (5 (2). This is supported by recent investigations, which found associations between impaired lipid metabolism and periodontal disease (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Furthermore, atherosclerotic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases have recently been associated with periodontal disease (11,12).…”

“…Whether atherogenic factors other than hyperglycemia are linked with periodontal damage, however, is still being debated, and previous studies have reported inconsistent results (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) …”

“…Periodontal tissue damage may thus be more expected in diabetics with hypercholesteremia, as found in our study. Some (6,9) but not all (7,10,(14)(15)(16)20) previous studies have associated hypercholesteremia with periodontal disease.…”

Anemia and Periodontitis: An Enigma?

“…11 However the RBC count remains unchanged between all the three groups . Also ESR provides a multifactorial measure of a systemic response to a disease .And in our study ESR was seen higher in periodontits group compared to ginigivitis or healthy group.However this parameter of inflamation seems to be of limited use as a diagonistic tool in periodontitis to measure systemic involvement.…”

Screening of periodontitis with salivary enzyme tests

“…If these clinical diagnostic tests could be applied to the screening of periodontal disease, the problems described above could be overcome (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Some reported studies have demonstrated a correlation between blood test parameters and periodontal status.…”