Associations of Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection and Low Beclin1 Expression With Clinicopathological Parameters and Survival of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Abstract

Purpose: The present study focused on exploring the associations of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) infection and low Beclin1 expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients, so as to illustrate its clinical significance and prognostic value.Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect P. gingivalis infection status and Beclin1 expression in 370 ESCC patients. The chi-square test was adopted to illustrate the relationship between categorical variables, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient was used for correlation analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with the log-rank test were used to analyse the correlation of P. gingivalis infection and low Beclin1 expression with survival time. The effects of P. gingivalis infection and Beclin1 downregulation on the proliferation, migration and antiapoptotic abilities of ESCC cells in vitro were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing and flow cytometry assays. For P. gingivalis infection of ESCC cells, cell culture medium was replaced with antibiotic-free medium when the density of ESCC cells was 70–80%, cells were inoculated with P. gingivalis at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10.Result:P. gingivalis infection was negatively correlated with Beclin1 expression in ESCC tissues, and P. gingivalis infection and low Beclin1 expression were associated with differentiation status, tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, clinical stage and prognosis in ESCC patients. In vitro experiments confirmed that P. gingivalis infection and Beclin1 downregulation potentiate the proliferation, migration and antiapoptotic abilities of ESCC cells (KYSE150 and KYSE30). Our results provide evidence that P. gingivalis infection and low Beclin1 expression were associated with the development and progression of ESCC.Conclusion: Long-term smoking and alcohol consumption causes poor oral and esophageal microenvironments and ESCC patients with these features were more susceptible to P. gingivalis infection and persistent colonization, and exhibited lower Beclin1 expression, worse prognosis and more advanced clinicopathological features. Our findings indicate that effectively eliminating P. gingivalis colonization and restoring Beclin1 expression in ESCC patients may contribute to preventation and targeted treatment, and yield new insights into the aetiological research on ESCC.

Clinical Significance of Porphyromonas gingivalis Enriching Cancer Stem Cells by Inhibiting Programmed Cell Death Factor 4 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

“…Cells of each group were routinely cultured in six-hole plates at 1 × 10 3 cells/2 mL for 1 week. After fixation with formaldehyde and staining with crystal violet, the clones were photographed and counted …”

“…Then cells were photographed at 0 h after scratching and 24 h at the unaltered location after being conventional cultured. The cell mobility of each group was measured and calculated …”

“…After dyed with hematoxylin, dehydrated with gradient ethyl alcohol, and hyalinized with xylol, the section was sealed with balsam neutral (Solarbio, China). The details refer to references. ,, The brownish particulates in protoplasm or nuclei indicated positive Pg, PDCD4 or ALDH1. The criteria for Pg, , PDCD4, and ALDH1 in this study were as follows: 0 was defined as negative, and ≥2 was defined as positive.…”

“…The details refer to references. ,, The brownish particulates in protoplasm or nuclei indicated positive Pg, PDCD4 or ALDH1. The criteria for Pg, , PDCD4, and ALDH1 in this study were as follows: 0 was defined as negative, and ≥2 was defined as positive.…”

The relationship between Porphyromonas gingivalis and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a literature review

“…P. gingivalis exerts toxic effects of adhesion to and invasion of gingival epithelial cells, interfering with the normal physiological metabolism of cells and inhibiting programmed cell death [15]. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that P. gingivalis is closely related to a variety of malignant tumours [16][17][18][19]. In this paper, recent research progress on the correlation and pathogenesis between P. gingivalis and ESCC is reviewed to provide aid for clinical practice.…”