Associations of PTSD, chronic pain, and their comorbidity on cannabis use disorder: Results from an American nationally representative study

Bilevicius, Elena; Sommer, Jordana L.; Asmundson, Gordon J. G.; El‐Gabalawy, Renée

doi:10.1002/da.22947

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…There is also a disparity between the cannabinoid ratios used in pre-clinical and clinical research that requires further data to address. For example, PTSD pre-clinical studies have focused on the effects of CBD on PTSD symptoms (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48) while clinical studies have reported the efficacy of high THC products or simply "cannabis" in treating PTSD (35,(49)(50)(51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Patient Reported Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis From a Survey of Medical Cannabis Patients in Canada

Cahill¹,

Lunn²,

Diaz³

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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With the medical use of cannabis permitted in Canada since 2001, patients seek to use this botanical drug to treat a range of medical conditions. However, many healthcare practitioners express the need for further scientific evidence around the use of medical cannabis. This real-world evidence study aimed to address the paucity of scientific data by surveying newly registered medical cannabis patients, before beginning medical cannabis treatment, and at one follow up 6 weeks after beginning medical cannabis treatment. The goal was to collect data on efficacy, safety and cannabis product type information to capture the potential impact medical cannabis had on patient-reported quality of life (QOL) and several medical conditions over a 6-week period using validated questionnaires. The 214 participants were mainly male (58%) and 57% of the population was older than 50. The most frequently reported medical conditions were recurrent pain, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, sleep disorders [including restless leg syndrome (RLS)], and arthritis and other rheumatic disorders. Here we report that over 60% of our medical cannabis cohort self-reported improvements in their medical conditions. With the use of validated surveys, we found significant improvements in recurrent pain, PTSD, and sleep disorders after 6 weeks of medical cannabis treatment. Our findings from patients who reported arthritis and other rheumatic disorders are complex, showing improvements in pain and global activity sub-scores, but not overall changes in validated survey scores. We also report that patients who stated anxiety as their main medical condition did not experience significant changes in their anxiety after 6 weeks of cannabis treatment, though there were QOL improvements. While these results show that patients find cannabis treatment effective for a broad range of medical conditions, cannabis was not a remedy for all the conditions investigated. Thus, there is a need for future clinical research to support the findings we have reported. Additionally, while real-world evidence has not historically been utilized by regulatory bodies, we suggest changes in public policy surrounding cannabis should occur to reflect patient reported efficacy of cannabis from real-world studies due to the uniqueness of medical cannabis's path to legalization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Patient Reported Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis From a Survey of Medical Cannabis Patients in Canada

Cahill¹,

Lunn²,

Diaz³

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…21 High prevalences of PTSD are observed in cannabis users with CUD seeking treatment 22 and in the general population. 23 A higher prevalence of PTSD was observed in men than in women with CUD in the general population (NESARC 2; DSM-IV), 24 but Kerridge et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater vulnerability to cannabis dependence among heavy cannabis user French women

Guillem,

Baylé

2023

American J Addict

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Background and ObjectivesBetween 1990 and the mid‐2010s, France registered a sharp rise in the spread and consumption of cannabis. At the same time, there has been an increase in the concentration of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol contained in cannabis. The aims of our study are to measure addictive and psychiatric comorbidities in cannabis users in France, and to compare characteristics between women and men.MethodsThree hundred and forty‐two heavy cannabis users seen in a cannabis clinic between 2004 and 2014 were assessed during a 2‐h clinical interview (DSM‐IV, MINI).Results83.2% of users are currently cannabis dependent, 10.6% alcohol dependent, and 2.1% cocaine/crack dependent. 37.8% have a current mood disorder, 47.6% have a current anxiety disorder, and 8.8% are psychotic. Women suffer significantly more often than men from major depressive episodes, dysthymia, agoraphobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), both current and lifetime. Logistic regression shows that women have a significantly higher risk than men of suffering from PTSD over their lifetime (odds ratio [OR] = 5.48; p < 10−3). The vast majority of women suffering from PTSD report having been sexually assaulted in the course of their lives. In addition, women are at greater risk of cannabis dependence (OR = 3.87; p < .05) for lower cannabis consumption (grams smoked per week) (OR = 0.96; p < .05).Discussion and ConclusionsFrench women heavy cannabis users are particularly at risk of PTSD and are more likely than men to be dependent despite consuming fewer.Scientific SignificanceFurther studies are needed to clinically quantify cannabis consumption and distinguish its impact on women and men.

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“…Critical to assessment during the pandemic is a thorough evaluation of the patient's mental health. Symptoms of depression and anxiety are common in persons with persistent pain and SUD (Barry et al, 2017;Bilevicius et al, 2019;Crofford, 2015;Feingold et al, 2017;Søndergård et al, 2018), and can produce substantial barriers to successful treatment of these condition (Oliveira et al, 2019;Worley et al, 2015). Since the beginning of the pandemic, within clinical and general population samples, reported symptoms of anxiety and depression have increased across age and gender, and data continues to accumulate (Cooke et al, 2020;Hawes et al, 2021;Peterson et al, 2021;Salari et al, 2020).…”

Section: Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexisting Substance Use Disorder and Chronic Pain During COVID-19

Compton

Marie

2022

Pain Management Nursing

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Associations of PTSD, chronic pain, and their comorbidity on cannabis use disorder: Results from an American nationally representative study

Cited by 24 publications

References 81 publications

Evaluation of Patient Reported Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis From a Survey of Medical Cannabis Patients in Canada

Evaluation of Patient Reported Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis From a Survey of Medical Cannabis Patients in Canada

Greater vulnerability to cannabis dependence among heavy cannabis user French women

Coexisting Substance Use Disorder and Chronic Pain During COVID-19

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