Associations of weight cycling with cardiovascular health using American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 in a diverse sample of women

Byun, Stephanie; Bello, Natalie A.; Liao, Ming; Makarem, Nour; Aggarwal, Brooke

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100991

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…83 Together, these results suggest that while weight out of 19 publications showed a positive correlation between weight cycling and increased body fat and deposition of AT centrally but did not find a correlation with increased risk of T2DM. Many other studies have seen a correlation between weight cycling and worsened cardiometabolic disease, atherosclerosis, and even mortality, [88][89][90][91] suggesting that it is still an important area of study.…”

Section: Wei G Ht Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose tissue macrophages: Unique polarization and bioenergetics in obesity

Caslin

Bhanot

Bolus

et al. 2020

Immunological Reviews

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Macrophages comprise a majority of the resident immune cells in adipose tissue (AT) and regulate both tissue homeostasis in the lean state and metabolic dysregulation in obesity. Since the AT environment rapidly changes based upon systemic energy status, AT macrophages (ATMs) must adapt phenotypically and metabolically. There is a distinct dichotomy in the polarization and bioenergetics of in vitro models, with M2 macrophages utilizing oxidative phosphorylation (OX PHOS) and M1 macrophages utilizing glycolysis. Early studies suggested differential polarization of ATMs, with M2‐like macrophages predominant in lean AT and M1‐like macrophages in obese AT. However, recent studies show that the phenotypic plasticity of ATMs is far more complicated, which is also reflected in their bioenergetics. Multiple ATM populations exist along the M2 to M1 continuum and appear to utilize both glycolysis and OX PHOS in obesity. The significance of the dual fuel bioenergetics is unclear and may be related to an intermediate polarization, their buffering capacity, or the result of a mixed population of distinct polarized ATMs. Recent evidence also suggests that ATMs of lean mice serve as a substrate buffer or reservoir to modulate lipid, catecholamine, and iron availability. Furthermore, recent models of weight loss and weight cycling reveal additional roles for ATMs in systemic metabolism. Evaluating ATM phenotype and intracellular metabolism together may more accurately illuminate the consequences of ATM accumulation in obese AT, lending further insight into obesity‐related comorbidities in humans.

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Section: Wei G Ht Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose tissue macrophages: Unique polarization and bioenergetics in obesity

Caslin

Bhanot

Bolus

et al. 2020

Immunological Reviews

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“…Despite these limitations, our study also has pertinent strengths, particularly because of its large sample size and use of both semiquantitative and quantitative outcomes. Moreover, although the effects of weight cycling on a variety of outcomes, including cardiac disease and diabetes (8,9), have been studied, this is the first investigation, to our knowledge, of the effects of weight cycling on knee joint degeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the effects of weight cycling on obesity‐related diseases, including mortality, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, body composition, and cancer, have been explored, with some studies reporting no effects and others citing increased risks (8,9), the effects of weight cycling on OA have not been thoroughly investigated. However, the effects of weight loss and obesity on OA are well studied, and it has been shown that weight loss can prevent the onset of OA, improve symptoms and function, and increase quality of life (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weight Cycling and Knee Joint Degeneration in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity: Four‐Year Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

Joseph

Ramezanpour

McCulloch

et al. 2021

Obesity

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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between weight cycling and knee joint degeneration in individuals with overweight or obesity with different patterns of weight change over 4 years. Methods A total of 2,271 individuals from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database were assessed (case‐control study). Linear regression models using annual BMI measurements over 4 years were used to classify participants as weight cyclers or noncyclers. 3‐T magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify knee cartilage transverse relaxation time (T2) and cartilage thickness annually over 4 years in all subjects. Whole‐Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scores (WORMS) were obtained for cartilage, meniscus, and bone‐marrow abnormalities in 958 subjects at baseline and at the 4‐year follow‐up. The longitudinal differences in cartilage T2 and thickness between weight cyclers and noncyclers were assessed using general estimating equations, whereas the differences in WORMS outcomes were compared using general linear models. Results No significant differences in the rate of change of cartilage thickness or T2 were found between weight cyclers and noncyclers. However, increases in maximum cartilage WORMS (P = 0.0025) and bone‐marrow abnormalities (P = 0.04) were significantly greater in weight cyclers than in noncyclers. Conclusions Although participants’ intent for weight cycling in this study was unknown, weight cyclers had significantly greater increases in cartilage and bone‐marrow abnormalities over 4 years than noncyclers, independent of weight gain and loss.

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“…Weight cycle may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk by leading to visceral fat or pervascular adipose tissue, which are more strongly associated with cardiovascular disease risk. The biological mechanisms behind preferential fat deposition are not fully elucidated in humans, but the repeated overshoot theory is also proposed to explain how weight cycling may increase cardiovascular disease risk (Byun, Bello, Liao, Makarem & Aggarwal, 2019). Generally, in the case of weight regain, muscle mass increases less, while body fat increases more (Galal et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Weight Cycling on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Women

Oral

Kızıltan

2021

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi

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This study aims to examine weight cycling causes cardiometabolic risks in women. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 60 volunteer women between the ages of 25-45 years who applied to Baskent University Hospital Endocrine Department for weight control. Individuals were applied a questionnaire face to face. Some biochemical parameters were taken from the patient files and anthropometric measurements were evaluated by dietitian. The individuals participating in the study were divided into two groups as those who experienced weight cycling (n: 20) and those who did not (n: 40). Results:The mean BMI was 31.6  4.76 kg/m2 in the weight cyclers and 25.4  4.49 kg/m2 in non-cyclers (p<0.05). The mean waist and hip circumference, waist / hip ratio, total body fat percentage and fat mass were higher in the weight cyclers compared to the non-cyclers (p<0.05). The mean total cholesterol level was 202.2  44.05 mg/dL and 178.1  33.39 mg/dL, LDLcholesterol level was 140.0  40.29 mg/dL and 114.1 28.99 mg/dL, triglyceride level was 129.0  39.52 mg/dl and 99.3  38.37 mg/dL in the weight cyclers and non-cyclers groups, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: Weight cycling may be considered as a cardiometabolic risk factor.

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Associations of weight cycling with cardiovascular health using American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 in a diverse sample of women

Abstract: HighlightsMost women reported history of weight cycling (range: 0–20 episodes).Any history of weight cycling was associated with poorer cardiovascular health.Associations were stronger in pre-menopausal and women with no pregnancy history.

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Adipose tissue macrophages: Unique polarization and bioenergetics in obesity

Adipose tissue macrophages: Unique polarization and bioenergetics in obesity

Weight Cycling and Knee Joint Degeneration in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity: Four‐Year Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

The Effect of Weight Cycling on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Women

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