Assortative Mating on Ancestry-Variant Traits in Admixed Latin American Populations

Norris, Emily T.; Rishishwar, Lavanya; Wang, Lu; Conley, Andrew B.; Chande, Aroon T.; Dabrowski, Adam M.; Valderrama-Aguirre, Augusto; Jordan, I. King

doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00359

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…If this turns out to be the case, we propose that the next step will be admixture mapping, specifically looking at the regions of the genome where the association between g and genetic ancestry is pronounced. For logic, see for example, Zou et al (2015) and Norris et al (2017) in the context of assortative mating and ancestry [63,64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filling in the Gaps: The Association between Intelligence and Both Color and Parent-Reported Ancestry in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997

Lasker²,

Kirkegaard³

et al. 2019

Psych

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Little research has dealt with intragroup ancestry-related differences in intelligence in Black and White Americans. To help fill this gap, we examined the association between intelligence and both color and parent-reported ancestry using the NLSY97. We used a nationally-representative sample, a multidimensional measure of cognitive ability, and a sibling design. We found that African ancestry was negatively correlated with general mental ability scores among Whites (r = −0.038, N = 3603; corrected for attenuation, rc = −0.245). In contrast, the correlation between ability and parent-reported European ancestry was positive among Blacks (r = 0.137, N = 1788; rc = 0.344). Among Blacks, the correlation with darker skin color, an index of African ancestry, was negative (r = −0.112, N = 1455). These results remained with conspicuous controls. Among Blacks, both color and parent-reported European ancestry had independent effects on general cognitive ability (color: β = −0.104; ancestry: β = 0.118; N = 1445). These associations were more pronounced on g-loaded subtests, indicating a Jensen Effect for both color and ancestry (rs = 0.679 to 0.850). When we decomposed the color results for the African ancestry sample between and within families, we found an association between families, between singletons (β = −0.153; N = 814), and between full sibling pairs (β = −0.176; N = 225). However, we found no association between full siblings (β = 0.027; N = 225). Differential regression to the mean results indicated that the factors causing the mean group difference acted across the cognitive spectrum, with high-scoring African Americans no less affected than low-scoring ones. We tested for measurement invariance and found that strict factorial invariance was tenable. We then found that the weak version of Spearman’s hypothesis was tenable while the strong and contra versions were not. The results imply that the observed cognitive differences are primarily due to differences in g and that the Black-White mean difference is attributable to the same factors that cause differences within both groups. Further examination revealed comparable intraclass correlations and absolute differences for Black and White full siblings. This implied that the non-shared environmental variance components were similar in magnitude for both Blacks and Whites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filling in the Gaps: The Association between Intelligence and Both Color and Parent-Reported Ancestry in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997

Lasker²,

Kirkegaard³

et al. 2019

Psych

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“…Peruvian population exhibits ~83% Amerindian ancestral background, higher than other Latin American populations, such as Mexico (50%), Chile (40%), Colombia (28%), Argentina (28%) and Puerto Rico (16%) [17][18][19] . Peruvian Native American inhabitants show ancestry of three ancestral groups that originated by the split of an ancient group that migrated down the Americas after diverging from the East Asians and crossing the Bering Strait 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dissecting the role of Amerindian genetic ancestry andApoEε4 allele on Alzheimer disease in an admixed Peruvian population

Cornejo‐Olivas¹,

Rajabli

Ysbel³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Alzheimer disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly and occurs in all ethnic and racial groups. ApoE ε4 is the most significant genetic risk factor for late-onset AD and shows the strongest effect among East Asian populations followed by non-Hispanic White populations and has a relatively lower effect in African descent populations. Admixture analysis in the African American and Puerto Rican populations showed that the variation in ε4 risk is correlated with the genetic ancestral background local to the ApoE gene. Native American populations are substantially underrepresented in AD genetic studies. The Peruvian population with up to ∼80 of Amerindian ancestry provides a unique opportunity to assess the role of Amerindian ancestry in Alzheimer disease. In this study we assess the effect of the ApoE ε4 allele on AD in the Peruvian population.A total of 78 AD cases and 128 unrelated cognitive healthy controls were included in the study. Genome-wide genotyping was performed using the Illumina Global screening array. Global ancestry and local ancestry analyses were assessed. The effect of the ApoE ε4 allele on Alzheimer disease was tested using a logistic regression model by adjusting for age, gender, and population substructure (first three principal components). Logistic regression results showed that ApoE ε4 allele is significantly associated with AD in Peruvian population with the high-risk effect (OR = 5.02, CI: 2.3-12.5, p-value = 2e-4). The average values of the local ancestries surrounding the ApoE gene (chr19:44Mb-46Mb) have the highest proportion of Amerindian (60.6%), followed by European (33.9%) and African (5.5%) ancestral backgrounds.Our results showed that the risk for AD from ApoE ε4 in Peruvians is higher than we have observed in non-Hispanic White populations. Given the high admixture of Amerindian ancestry in the Peruvian population, it suggests that the Amerindian local ancestry is contributing to a strong risk for AD in ApoE ε4 carriers. Our data also support the findings of an interaction between the genetic risk allele ApoE ε4 and the ancestral backgrounds located around the genomic region of ApoE gene.

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“…The degree to which genetics are implicated in the formation and consequences of social relationships is of growing interest to the new field of sociogenomics (1,2). Analysis of spousal genotypes suggests that spouses are more genetically similar to one another as compared to random pairs of individuals in the population (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). The degree of this genetic "homogamy" is modest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Genome of Friends and Schoolmates in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health

Domingue¹,

Belsky

Fletcher

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Humans tend to form social relationships with others who resemble them. Whether this sorting of like with like arises from historical patterns of migration, meso-level social structures in modern society, or individual-level selection of similar peers remains unsettled. Recent research has evaluated the possibility that unobserved genotypes may play an important role in the creation of homophilous relationships. We extend this work by using data from 9,500 adolescents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine genetic similarities among pairs of friends. While there is some evidence that friends have correlated genotypes, both at the whole-genome level as well as at trait-associated loci (via polygenic scores), further analysis suggests that meso-level forces, such as school assignment, are a principal source of genetic similarity between friends. We also observe apparent social-genetic effects in which polygenic scores of an individual’s friends and schoolmates predict the individual’s own educational attainment. In contrast, an individual’s height is unassociated with the height genetics of peers.SignificanceOur study reported significant findings of a “social genome” that can be quantified and studied to understand human health and behavior. In a national sample of more than 9,000 American adolescents, we found evidence of social forces that act to make friends and schoolmates more genetically similar to one another as compared to random pairs of unrelated individuals. This subtle genetic similarity was observed across the entire genome and at sets of genomic locations linked with specific traits—educational attainment and body-mass index—a phenomenon we term “social-genetic correlation.” We also find evidence of a “social-genetic effect” such that the genetics of a person’s friends and schoolmates influenced their own education, even after accounting for the person’s own genetics.

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Assortative Mating on Ancestry-Variant Traits in Admixed Latin American Populations

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

Filling in the Gaps: The Association between Intelligence and Both Color and Parent-Reported Ancestry in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997

Filling in the Gaps: The Association between Intelligence and Both Color and Parent-Reported Ancestry in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997

Dissecting the role of Amerindian genetic ancestry andApoEε4 allele on Alzheimer disease in an admixed Peruvian population

The Social Genome of Friends and Schoolmates in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health

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