Aster migration determines the length scale of nuclear separation in the <i>Drosophila</i> syncytial embryo

Telley, Ivo A.; Gáspár, Imre; Ephrussi, Anne; Surrey, Thomas

doi:10.1083/jcb.201204019

Cited by 95 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A sphere of this diameter therefore constitutes the sub-domain of the cytoplasm in which spatial constraints show an effect, potentially because nuclear material is recruited mainly from within this domain. We refer to this domain as the ''nuclear domain,'' a term that was originally introduced to describe the surroundings of evenly spaced nuclei in syncytial muscle fibers and fruit fly embryos (Landing et al, 1974;Telley et al, 2012). According to our results, nuclear expansion slows down only in cases where the cross-sectional area of the channel is smaller than that of the nuclear domain.…”

Section: A Domain Surrounding the Nucleus Controls The Speed Of Nuclementioning

confidence: 45%

Dynein-Based Accumulation of Membranes Regulates Nuclear Expansion in Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts

Hara

Merten

2015

Developmental Cell

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Nuclear size changes dynamically during development and has long been observed to correlate with the space surrounding the nucleus, as well as with the volume of the cell. Here we combine an in vitro cell-free system of Xenopus laevis egg extract with microfluidic devices to systematically analyze the effect of spatial constraints. The speed of nuclear expansion depended on the available space surrounding the nucleus up to a threshold volume in the nanoliter range, herein referred to as the nuclear domain. Under spatial constraints smaller than this nuclear domain, the size of microtubule-occupied space surrounding the nucleus turned out to be limiting for the accumulation of membranes around the nucleus via the motor protein dynein, therefore determining the speed of nuclear expansion. This mechanism explains how spatial information surrounding the nucleus, such as the positioning of the nucleus inside the cell, can control nuclear expansion.

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Section: A Domain Surrounding the Nucleus Controls The Speed Of Nuclementioning

confidence: 45%

Dynein-Based Accumulation of Membranes Regulates Nuclear Expansion in Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts

Hara

Merten

2015

Developmental Cell

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“…A similar process of nuclear separation and their even distribution was described within the early syncytium Drosophila embryo. 28 In this process, the involvement of astral MT surrounding each nucleus and attached to actin-related structures was demonstrated. Whether these proteins participate in nuclear positioning within the large striated muscle cell is, as yet, unknown.…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Open Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positioning nuclei within the cytoplasm of striated muscle fiber

Volk

2013

Nucleus

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S triated muscles contain a tightly ordered cytoplasm in which the shape and size of the nuclei are comparable and nuclear distribution is uniform. These features were recently shown to be essential for muscle function. In an attempt to elucidate mechanisms regulating the position and shape of myonuclei, we analyzed the function of the two KASH proteins that are uniquely present in the Drosophila genome, MSP-300 and Klarsicht, both expressed in striated muscles. We demonstrated that both KASH proteins cooperate to construct a unique ring composed of MSP-300 protein that surrounds and attached to the nuclear envelope. The MSP-300 nuclear ring structure recruits and associates with a network of polarized astral microtubules that enables the dynamic movement and uniform spacing between the nuclei in each muscle fiber.

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“…Shigella flexneri comprises of 4456 protein sequences in their proteome while S. dysentriae, S soneii and S. boydii have 3897, 4068 and 3938 proteins in their proteome respectively [20]. Different filter criteria used against each of these species are listed (table 1, figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choke Point Analysis with Subtractive Proteomic Approach for Insilico Identification of Potential Drug Targets in Shigella Dysenteriae

Pandey¹,

Tiwari²,

Maurya³

et al. 2015

CAE

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Shigellosis is an endemic disease prevalent in developing and poor countries due to fecal-oral transmission resulting a significant morbidity and mortality rate. Emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) in Shigella sp. reveals the inefficacy towards the first line antibiotics like quinolones, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin against it. There is continuous need to monitor the characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of this pathogen regarding the identification of new potential therapeutic drug targets. Availability of complete protein of different Shigella species viz flexneri, body, dysentery and son has made it possible to carry out the Insilico analysis of its protein for the identification of potential vaccine and drug targets. Subtractive proteomics approach is being used to mine the list of proteins present in different Shigella species which are non-homologous to human and essential for the survival of the pathogen. The metabolic chokepoint analysis also enriches the list of essential protein and adds those proteins in the list which are uniquely found in pathogenic pathway, catalyzed by single enzyme and involved in multi pathways. Screening of essential proteins against human gut flora and approved drug targets revealed the targets which are non-homologous to human gut flora and homologous to the approved drug targets. Broad spectrum drug targets screening revealed a list of highly conserved proteins of various pathogens including different Shigella species. Probably the drug developed against these targets may be useful in treating multiple diseases or diseases which results due to co-infection of different pathogens. Subcellular localization prediction revealed a list protein, which could be potential vaccine targets in different Shigella species. Virtual screening against these identified targets might be useful in the discovery of novel Drug against MDR Shigella species.

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Aster migration determines the length scale of nuclear separation in the Drosophila syncytial embryo

Abstract: A cell-free system using cytoplasmic extract from single–Drosophila syncytial embryos reveals that the spacing between nuclei is preprogrammed and relies on microtubule aster migration.

Cited by 95 publications

References 49 publications

Dynein-Based Accumulation of Membranes Regulates Nuclear Expansion in Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts

Dynein-Based Accumulation of Membranes Regulates Nuclear Expansion in Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts

Positioning nuclei within the cytoplasm of striated muscle fiber

Choke Point Analysis with Subtractive Proteomic Approach for Insilico Identification of Potential Drug Targets in Shigella Dysenteriae

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