Astragalosides Isolated from the Root of Astragalus Radix Inhibit the Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products

Abstract

Because advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitors such as pyridoxamine significantly inhibit the development of retinopathy and neuropathy in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat, treatment with AGE inhibitors is believed to be a potential strategy for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetic complications. A crude extract of Astragali Radix (AR; roots of Astragalus membranaceus ) inhibits the formation of N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and pentosidine during the incubation of bovine serum albumin with ribose. In the present study, compounds were isolated from AR that prevented CML and pentosidine formation. Astragalosides significantly inhibited the formation of both CML and pentosidine, and astragaloside V had the strongest inhibitory effect among all if the isolated compounds. These data suggest that AR and astragalosides may be a potentially useful strategy for the prevention of clinical diabetic complications by inhibiting AGEs.

Detection of AGEs as markers for carbohydrate metabolism and protein denaturation

“…We previously reported that Astragalus radix samples for the natural herb-derived compound inhibits formation of CML and pentosidine from the reaction of bovine serum albumin and ribose. Our findings confirmed that astragaloside significantly inhibits both of these AGEs, (22) although the inhibitory effect of the compound has not yet been confirmed in vivo . Furthermore, we also reported that high concentration (>1 mM) of catechol compounds such as epicatechin, gallic acid and 4-MC exhibits enhancing effects of CML formation by producing hydrogen peroxide, 0.01 mM of these compounds inhibits CML formation due to their high antioxidative activity.…”

A UPLC–MS/MS approach for simultaneous determination of eight flavonoids in rat plasma, and its application to pharmacokinetic studies of Fu‐Zhu‐Jiang‐Tang tablet in rats

“…Ginsenosides, which belong to PN, can improve lipid profiles, inhibit peroxidation and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes (Xia, Sun, Zhao, & Hypolipidemic, ). Astragalosides, which are the major constituents of AM, show protective effects on kidney of diabetic rats (Motomura et al, ). The extract of MC displays insulin secretagog and insulinomimetic activity, which may be ascribed to steroidal compounds and polypeptides (Raman and Lau, ).…”

Effects of combined therapy with glipizide and Aralia root bark extract on glycemic control and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…The root bark of Aralia taibaiensis is a rich source of bioactive components (such as terpenoids and saponins), which have potent antioxidant activities and anti‐inflammatory properties . Previous studies demonstrated that Aralia root bark extract (ARBE) could protect pancreatic β‐cells against oxidative damage and inhibit the glycation reaction, suggesting that ARBE may potentially play a role in the treatment of diabetes . It has not been determined that the combination treatment with ARBE added to glipizide would provide additional effects on blood glucose and lipid metabolism.…”