Astragalus polysaccharide alleviates transport stress-induced heart injury in newly hatched chicks via ERS-UPR-autophagy dependent pathway

Lycopene Attenuates Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate-Induced Mitochondrial Damage and Inflammation in Kidney via cGAS–STING Signaling

“…Protein extraction and western blotting were performed as previously described. 32 The specific methods are described in Supporting Information, Section S1.2. The antibodies and the dilutions are listed in Table S3.…”

Inhibition of mtDNA-PRRs pathway-mediated sterile inflammation by astragalus polysaccharide protects against transport stress-induced cardiac injury in chicks

“…It has been well documented that TS can cause weight loss, immune disorders, and metabolic dysfunction in animals ( Li et al, 2017 ). Of note, chicks often experience a higher heart rate or even sudden death during or after transportation, which is considered to be related to heart damage caused by TS ( Li et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2022a ; Xu et al, 2022 ). A previous study in chicks indicated that TS evoked cardiac damage and notably reduced body weight via inducing nitric oxide and arresting the heat shock response ( Li et al, 2017 ).…”

“…Before simulation transport, the chicks of the TS+W group and the TS+APS group were treated, respectively, with deionized water or 250 μg/mL APS by oral drops (100 μL). The exposure time for TS and the concentration of APS were based on previous reports ( Chen et al, 2022a ; Zhao et al, 2022 ). Food-grade APS was provided by Centre Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China).…”

“…Six fields were randomly selected from the slices in different groups. Based on the previous report ( Yin et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2022a ), the total myocardial histological score are as follows: slight granule denaturation (→, 1 point), vacuolar degeneration (↑, 2 points), infiltration (∆, 3 points), and necrosis (←, 4 points).…”

“…In actual production, birds are usually exposed to multiple stresses, such as heat stress, crowding, or noise exposure ( Broom, 2005 ; Yerpes et al, 2021 ). Transport stress ( TS ) in chicks is an ideal multiple stressor model for poultry, involving several harmful stresses, including lack of oxygen, water or feed, crowding, body bumps, environmental pollutants, and microenvironment changes ( Zhang et al, 2014 ; Chen et al, 2022a ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). Recently, a study on children has shown that early-life stress exposure is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, such as heart failure, in adulthood ( Liang Yy Md et al, 2022 ), which suggests that the higher mortality rate of chicks induced by TS may be related to cardiac damage ( Li et al, 2017 ).…”