Astragalus polysaccharide improves muscle atrophy from dexamethasone- and peroxide-induced injury in vitro

Astragalus polysaccharides decrease muscle wasting through Akt/mTOR, ubiquitin proteasome and autophagy signalling in 5/6 nephrectomised rats

“…Few studies have focused on the relationship between functional polysaccharides and protein metabolism. Our results show that if adequate amounts of nitrogen and energy are available, APSs can improve muscle mass and protein metabolism in 5/6 nephrectomised rats, in agreement with previous studies (Liu et al, 2013;Lu et al, 2013a). By measuring skeletal muscle dry weight and evaluating muscle pathology, we found that APSs may have a weight-loss effect in sham-operated rats.…”

“…Furthermore, our recent studies have shown that the polysaccharides in the water extract from Astragalus roots can reduce muscle atrophy in vitro by restoring the phosphorylation of mTOR and by suppressing myostatin (Liu et al, 2013;Lu et al, 2013a). Given this information, we speculate that APSs may be beneficial for patients with CKD-related muscle wasting.…”

“…Myofibre cross-sectional area and C2C12 fibre size measurements were performed according previous experiments (Lu et al, 2013c;Wang et al, 2014a). Tibias anterior (TA) muscle samples were fixed in paraformaldehyde and embedded in paraffin.…”

Astragalus polysaccharide ameliorates H2O2-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury

“…It has been reported that APS has cytoprotective effects on the erythroid lineage K562 cells (33). In addition, APS may improve the response of C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes and myoblasts to peroxide-induced injury in vitro by inhibiting apoptosis (34). However, the effect and underlying mechanisms of APS on H 2 O 2 -induced injury in HUVECs remain to be elucidated.…”

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Dysfunction of Mitochondrial Dynamics Induced by Oxidative Stress

“…According to our previous study, APS significantly stimulated C2C12 myotube proliferation at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, and mitochondrial activity was improved in 24 h [ 11 ]. In this study, C2C12 myotubes were pretreated with APS (0.2 mg/mL) for 24 h and then treated with or without tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) (100 μ M, some C2C12 myotubes were also treated with 0.2 mg/mL APS during this period, based on our preliminary experiments) for another 24 h. The cells were also treated with or without EX-527 (2 μ M) for 46 h following the addition of APS for 2 h. All treatments were performed in complete culture medium to avoid the induction of autophagy through the serum starvation pathway.…”