Astro2020: Astrophotonics White Paper

Gatkine, Pradip; Veilleux, Sylvain; Mather, John C.; Betters, Christopher H.; Bland-Hawthorn, J.; Bryant, Julia J.; Cenko, S. Bradley; Dagenais, M.; Deming, Drake; Ellis, Simon; Greenhouse, Matthew A.; Harris, Andrew; Jovanović, Nemanja; Kuhlmann, S.; Kutyrev, A.; Leon-Saval, Sergio G.; Madhav, Kalaga; Moseley, S. H.; Norris, Barnaby; Rauscher, Bernard J.; Roth, Martin; Vogel, S. N.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.1907.05904

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…With these successes and a long list of possible technologies and functions to explore, astrophotonics has a huge potential to impact astronomy. This potential was recently outlined in several whitepapers [38,39] solicited by the National Academy of Sciences for the US Decadal survey and later explicitly called out in the survey itself [40]. Specifically the survey stated 'The possibility of obtaining extremely high-precision radial velocities, of the order of a 10 cm s −1 or better, as well as direct imaging of exoplanets may largely rely on the maturity of SMFs and on-chip nulling interferometers' .…”

Section: Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the specific challenges described above there is a general need to streamline the fabrication of science-ready astrophotonic devices through dedicated access to facilities and expertise in fabrication, characterization, and packaging [38]. This access is becoming easier due to the availability of commercial foundries, especially those offering MPW fabrication services which significantly reduce the cost for making and testing prototypes.…”

Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

Jovanovic,

Gatkine,

Anugu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Photonics

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Photonic technologies offer numerous functionalities that can be used to realize astrophotonic instruments. The most spectacular example to date is the ESO Gravity instrument at the Very Large Telescope in Chile that combines the light-gathering power of four 8-m telescopes through a complex photonic interferometer. Fully integrated astrophotonic devices offer critical advantages for instrument development, including extreme miniaturization when operating at the diffraction-limit, plus integration, superior thermal and mechanical stabilization owing to the small footprint, and high replicability offering significant cost savings. Numerous astrophotonic technologies have been developed to address shortcomings of conventional instruments to date, including the development of photonic lanterns to convert from multimode inputs to single mode outputs, complex aperiodic fiber Bragg gratings to filter OH emission from the atmosphere, beam combiners enabling long baseline interferometry with for example, ESO Gravity, and laser frequency combs for high precision spectral calibration of spectrometers. Despite these successes, the facility implementation of photonic solutions in astronomical instrumentation is currently limited because of 1) low throughputs from coupling to fibers, coupling fibers to chips, propagation and bend losses, device losses, etc., 2) difficulties with scaling to large channel count devices needed for large bandwidths and high resolutions, and 3) efficient integration of photonics with detectors. In this roadmap, we identify 23 key areas that need further development. We outline the challenges and advances needed across those areas covering design tools, simulation capabilities, fabrication processes, the need for entirely new components, integration and hybridization and the characterization of devices. To realize these advances the astrophotonics community will have to work cooperatively with industrial partners who have more advanced manufacturing capabilities. With the advances described herein, multi-functional integrated instruments will be realized leading to novel observing capabilities for both ground and space based platforms, enabling new scientific studies and discoveries.

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Section: Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%