Astrocytes silence PTEN to promote brain metastasis

Shipman, Lydia

doi:10.1038/nrc4045

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…[ 45 , 46 ] Second, tumor cells are always in a state of chronic inflammation (also referred to as the tumor microenvironment). [ 47 ] Chronic phlogosis makes the microenvironment conducive for carcinogenesis and development, which can specifically induce DNA damage, cancer-derived angiogenesis, and distant metastasis. [ 48 ] Third, inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8, participate in oncogenesis by acting directly on normal cells via signaling pathway such as NF-κB1, which also induce hepatocytes to produce excessive CRP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic role of C-reactive protein in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Fang

et al. 2017

Medicine

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Background:C-reactive protein (CRP) has been shown to be associated with several tumors. However, its association with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is not well characterized. We performed a literature review and meta-analysis to assess the prognostic relevance of elevated CRP levels in patients with NPC.Methods:A literature search for relevant studies was performed on PubMed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated to assess the association between elevated CRP levels and survival outcomes.Results:Five studies with a combined study population of 5215 patients with NPC were included. Pooled hazard ratios for overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival were 1.84 (95% CI = 1.57–2.17) and 1.81 (95% CI = 1.53–2.14), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that types of indicators and treatment before inclusion had no significant impact on the observed association.Conclusion:Elevated serum CRP levels in patients with NPC were associated with worse prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic role of C-reactive protein in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Fang

et al. 2017

Medicine

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“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to transfer functional miRNAs to neighboring or distant recipient cells as a rapid modality by which to manipulate gene expression in the recipient cells ( Phinney et al, 2015 ; Shipman, 2015 ). As such, they have emerged as novel therapeutic targets ( Valadi et al, 2007 ; Skog et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caveolin-1 selectively regulates microRNA sorting into microvesicles after noxious stimuli

Lee

Zhang

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Medicine

172

175

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Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicle (EV)–containing miRNAs mediate intercellular communications in response to noxious stimuli. It remains unclear how a cell selectively sorts the cellular miRNAs into EVs. We report that caveolin-1 (cav-1) is essential for sorting of selected miRNAs into microvesicles (MVs), a main type of EVs generated by outward budding of the plasma membrane. We found that cav-1 tyrosine 14 (Y14)–phosphorylation leads to interactions between cav-1 and hnRNPA2B1, an RNA-binding protein. The cav-1/hnRNPA2B1 complex subsequently traffics together into MVs. Oxidative stress induces O-GlcNAcylation of hnRNPA2B1, resulting in a robustly altered hnRNPA2B1-bound miRNA repertoire. Notably, cav-1 pY14 also promotes hnRNPA2B1 O-GlcNAcylation. Functionally, macrophages serve as the principal recipient of epithelial MVs in the lung. MV-containing cav-1/hnRNPA2B1 complex-bound miR-17/93 activate tissue macrophages. Collectively, cav-1 is the first identified membranous protein that directly guides RNA-binding protein into EVs. Our work delineates a novel mechanism by which oxidative stress compels epithelial cells to package and secrete specific miRNAs and elicits an innate immune response.

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“…As a key factor in the microenvironment, astrocytes can interact with tumor cells to influence the biological behavior of brain metastases via various channels such as cytokine networks and direct contact. The interaction between the two is complex and some mechanisms have not been fully understood; this needs further evaluation ( 44 – 46 ).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Microenvironment Of Brain Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor microenvironment and exosomes in brain metastasis: Molecular mechanisms and clinical application

Aili

Maimaitiming²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Metastasis is one of the important biological features of malignant tumors and one of the main factors responsible for poor prognosis. Although the widespread application of newer clinical technologies and their continuous development have significantly improved survival in patients with brain metastases, there is no uniform standard of care. More effective therapeutic measures are therefore needed to improve prognosis. Understanding the mechanisms of tumor cell colonization, growth, and invasion in the central nervous system is of particular importance for the prevention and treatment of brain metastases. This process can be plausibly explained by the “seed and soil” hypothesis, which essentially states that tumor cells can interact with various components of the central nervous system microenvironment to produce adaptive changes; it is this interaction that determines the development of brain metastases. As a novel form of intercellular communication, exosomes play a key role in the brain metastasis microenvironment and carry various bioactive molecules that regulate receptor cell activity. In this paper, we review the roles and prospects of brain metastatic tumor cells, the brain metastatic tumor microenvironment, and exosomes in the development and clinical management of brain metastases.

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Astrocytes silence PTEN to promote brain metastasis

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Prognostic role of C-reactive protein in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Prognostic role of C-reactive protein in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Caveolin-1 selectively regulates microRNA sorting into microvesicles after noxious stimuli

Tumor microenvironment and exosomes in brain metastasis: Molecular mechanisms and clinical application

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