Astrovirus Gastroenteritis in Children Younger than 5 Years in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): Prevalence and Risks Factors Influencing Severity

Gamsonré, Zakaria; Bisseyé, Cyrille; Nitiema, Léon W.; Diarra, Birama; Zohoncon, Théodora Mahoukèdè; Tao, Issoufou; Compaoré, Tegwinde Rebeca; Djigma, Florencia Wendkuuni; Ouermi, Djénèba; Nordgren, Johan; Pietra, Virginio; Simporé, Jacques

doi:10.9734/ijtdh/2019/v40i130216

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Nevertheless, many of our observations corroborate established evidence on astrovirus transmission. Like other tropical settings, most astrovirus episodes occurred during the rainy months of June and July [6,10,30,31], probably attributable to poorer sewage control, given astrovirus's fecal-oral route of transmission [3]. This pattern also mirrors sapovirus and norovirus transmission in León, which tends to predominate in the rainy season [32][33][34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Epidemiology of pediatric astrovirus gastroenteritis in a Nicaraguan birth cohort

Rubinstein,

Reyes,

González

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Astrovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. However, few prospective studies have analyzed astrovirus in community-dwelling pediatric populations in low-and-middle-income countries. Methods: We assessed the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, genotypes, viral coinfections and seasonality of astrovirus gastroenteritis in 443 healthy Nicaraguan children born in 2017-2018, followed for 36 months. Children were recruited from maternity hospitals and birth records in an economically-diverse neighborhood of Leon, the second-largest city in Nicaragua. Astrovirus-positive episodes and genotypes were identified from diarrheal specimens with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Results: Of 1708 total specimens tested, eighty children (18%) experienced at least 1 astrovirus episode, and 9 experienced repeat episodes, mostly during the rainy season (May-October). The incidence of astrovirus episodes was 7.8/100 child-years (95% CI: 6.2, 9.8). Genotype-specific incidence of astrovirus also exhibited seasonality. Median age of astrovirus episode onset was 16 months (IQR 9, 23). Initial astrovirus episodes were not associated with protection against future episodes during the age span studied. Astrovirus cases were exclusively breastfed for a shorter period than uninfected children, and the human milk oligosaccharide lacto-N-fucopentaose-I was more concentrated in mothers of these children. Home toilets appeared to protect against future astrovirus episodes (HR=0.19, 95% CI 0.04-0.91). Human astrovirus-5 episodes, comprising 15% of all typed episodes, were associated with longer diarrhea and more symptomatic rotavirus co-infections. Conclusion: Astrovirus was a common cause of gastroenteritis in this cohort, and future studies should clarify the role of astrovirus genotype in clinical infection severity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Epidemiology of pediatric astrovirus gastroenteritis in a Nicaraguan birth cohort

Rubinstein,

Reyes,

González

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The morbidity caused by human astroviruses is influenced by the season, with higher infection rates during the rainy season. The prevalence from this study is higher than 5% among children in Northwestern Nigeria [22] , 7.6% among children in Niger State [24] , 5.0% among diarrheic children in north east, Nigeria [25] ,6.3% among Children with Diarrhoea in young Kenyan [26] , 14.6% among children in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) [27], 19.4% among children with gastroenteritis in southwestern Nigeria [28] and 10.3% among Congolese children in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo [29] . Also, the prevalence from this study is lower than 40.4% among children in Lagos, Nigeria [14], 84.0% among children from a Birth Cohort in Nepal [30] The difference in prevalence rates may be due to sample size, study population, participants' age, geographical location, climatic factors, and different diagnostic methods used in various studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of Astrovirus gastroenteritis in children in Offa Kwara State. north central Nigeria

Omosigho

Izevbuwa²,

Rotimi³

et al. 2022

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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Background: Astroviruses are small non-enveloped, single stranded, positive RNA viruses belonging to the family astroviridae. Gastroenteritis constitute the main causes of morbidity and mortality among pediatric population world wide. Common symptons of astrovirus include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Human astroviruses are transmitted by contact with infected individuals and formited, followed by the ingestion of contaminated food and water. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factor of astrovirus in children in offa, kwara state, North central, Nigeria. Methods : A cross-sectional study design using random sampling technique. Three hundred (300) consented children with diarrhea were recruited into the study. Stool samples of each children were examined for the presence of astrovirus using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique with commercially available astrovirus kit (BIOTUVA UK). Results:This study reported an overall prevalence of 31.3%. astrovirus infection among children with gastroenteritis in Offa, Kwara state, North Central, Nigeria, with majority of the children positive for astrovirus were within the age of 4-5 years (36.2%), followed by those within the age of 2-3 years (34.0%) and the least found in age group 0-1 year (29.8%), 54(57.4%) of the children positive for astrovirus were male and 40 (42.6%) were female. Age and gender were not statistically significant while place of residence and risk factors were statistically significant, which could be as a result of un-hygienic environment. Conclusion:This study provides a base line data necessary for the formulation of state and national health policies in mitigating the impact of viral diarrhea, an ubiquitous disease of childhood. Hence, community and hospital-based surveillance are needed tp provide an estimate of astrovirus burden in Nigeria.

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An annoying enteric virus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of human astroviruses and gastrointestinal complications in children

Razizadeh

Pourrostami

Kachooei

et al. 2022

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Human astroviruses (HAstVs) have frequently been detected in individuals with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, a precise estimate of the overall prevalence of the virus in children with AGE as well as the possible association of the virus with gastrointestinal complications is not available up to now. The present study estimated the overall prevalence of HAstVs in children with gastrointestinal complications as well as the association between the virus and symptoms. We systematically searched four international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google scholar) to find studies on the prevalence of HAstVs in people with AGE published between Jan 2000 and Sep 2021. Analysis of the 223 included studies presented a 4.2% (95% CI 3.8%–4.8%) prevalence of the virus in AGE individuals. Based on case‐control studies, a significant association between these viruses and AGE was detected (OR: 2.059, 95% CI; 1.438–2.949). HAstV‐1 and HAstV‐VA‐2 is the most and least common genotypes in the AGE patients, respectively (59.0%, 95% CI: 52.1%–65.6% vs. 4.9%, 95% CI: 2.6%–9.1%). Due to the statistically significant association between HAstV and gastrointestinal complications, more attention should be paid to these viruses in people with AGE and more studies should employ case‐control design.

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Astrovirus Gastroenteritis in Children Younger than 5 Years in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): Prevalence and Risks Factors Influencing Severity

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Epidemiology of pediatric astrovirus gastroenteritis in a Nicaraguan birth cohort

Epidemiology of pediatric astrovirus gastroenteritis in a Nicaraguan birth cohort

Prevalence and risk factors of Astrovirus gastroenteritis in children in Offa Kwara State. north central Nigeria

An annoying enteric virus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of human astroviruses and gastrointestinal complications in children

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