“…As depicted in Figure 1(a2), the diffraction peaks of the first-step hydrothermal product closely match those of Co(OH)F (JCPDF no: 50-0827). The diffraction peaks at approximately 20.8 • , 32.3 • , 33.5 • , 34.8 • , 35.6 • , 38.8 • , 39.9 • , 52.7 • , 56.9 • , 59.1 • , and 61.5 • correspond to the (110), (310), ( 201), (400), ( 111), ( 211), ( 410), (420), ( 511), (002), and (601) planes of orthorhombic Co(OH)F, confirming their good agreement with previous literature reports [26][27][28]. During the second hydrothermal step, the Co(OH)F structure underwent conversion into Co 0.85 Se through a low-temperature selenization process (Figure 1 To investigate the chemical states of the microsphere-like Co0.85Se, we performed further XPS measurements (Figure 1b-d).…”