Asymmetric tungsten oxide nanobrushes via oriented attachment and Ostwald ripening

Abstract

Tungsten oxide nanobrushes were synthesized using a solvothermal approach that lead to self-branching in the presence of citric acid and hexadecylamine as surfactants. Our synthetic approach yielded branched nanorods of tungsten oxide in a single synthetic step. Based on our results, we propose a phenomenological pathway for the formation, branching, and assembly of these tungsten oxide brushes. The formation of tungsten oxide brushes proceeds by thermal decomposition of ammonium tungstate in the presence of citric acid and hexadecylamine. The pale blue powder obtained after solvothermal reaction was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The field emission (FE) properties of the tungsten oxide nanostructures which can be tailored by their aspect ratio and the hierarchical nanostructures follow a Fowler-Nordheim behavior. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: (1) X-Ray powder diffraction pattern of the product obtained after the solvothermal treatment, (2) TEM rotation images of the tungsten oxide brushes, (3) graphical representation of the three different branches at 120 to each other, and (4) TEM image of the product obtained without the use of surfactants. See

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