Asymmetries in visual acuity around the visual field

Barbot, Antoine; Xue, Shutian; Carrasco, Marisa

doi:10.1167/jov.21.1.2

Cited by 101 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(274 reference statements)

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“…We find that the cortical VMA and HVA do not differ substantially by sex or across age-groups (Appendix 1-figure 1). This is consistent with psychophysical findings that the HVA and VMA are similar in males and females (11,41).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Importantly, visual performance varies not only across eccentricity, but also as a function of polar angle (Fig. 1); at matched eccentricity, performance is better along the horizontal than the vertical meridian (horizontal-vertical asymmetry, or "anisotropy"; HVA) and better along the lower than the upper vertical meridian (vertical meridian asymmetry; VMA) (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). These asymmetries are present in several basic perceptual dimensions, including contrast sensitivity (3, 4, 6-8, 10, 12-19) and spatial resolution (5,9,11,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spatial frequency was measured as the point at which orientation discrimination performance dropped to half-way between ceiling and chance performance. Redrawn using data from Carrasco et al (2001) (3), Abrams et al (2012) (7), and Barbot et al (2021) (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cortical magnification in human visual cortex parallels task performance around the visual field

Benson

Kupers

Barbot

et al. 2021

eLife

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Human vision has striking radial asymmetries, with performance on many tasks varying sharply with stimulus polar angle. Performance is generally better on the horizontal than vertical meridian, and on the lower than upper vertical meridian, and these asymmetries decrease gradually with deviation from the vertical meridian. Here we report cortical magnification at a fine angular resolution around the visual field. This precision enables comparisons between cortical magnification and behavior, between cortical magnification and retinal cell densities, and between cortical magnification in twin pairs. We show that cortical magnification in human primary visual cortex, measured in 163 subjects, varies substantially around the visual field, with a pattern similar to behavior. These radial asymmetries in cortex are larger than those found in the retina, and they are correlated between monozygotic twin pairs. These findings indicate a tight link between cortical topography and behavior, and suggest that visual field asymmetries are partly heritable.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cortical magnification in human visual cortex parallels task performance around the visual field

Benson

Kupers

Barbot

et al. 2021

eLife

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“…For contrast sensitivity, the HVA is approximately 60% (similar to the ~65% cortical HVA reported here) whereas the VMA is weaker at approximately 20% (similar to the ~30% cortical HVA reported here) (Himmelberg et al, 2020). For acuity, the HVA is approximately 40% and the VMA is approximately 20% (Barbot et al, 2021). Our cortical magnification measurements match these perceptual measurements; in fact, these perceptual measurements come from a subsample of the participants included in the present study.…”

Section: Polar Angle Meridian Asymmetries In V1 Cortical Magnificatiosupporting

confidence: 83%

Cross-dataset reproducibility of human retinotopic maps

Himmelberg

Kurzawski

Benson

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Population receptive field (pRF) models fit to fMRI data are used to non-invasively measure retinotopic maps in human visual cortex, and these maps are a fundamental component of visual neuroscience experiments. We examined the reproducibility of retinotopic maps across two datasets: a newly acquired retinotopy dataset from New York University (NYU) (n=44) and a public dataset from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) (n=181). Our goal was to assess the degree to which pRF properties are similar across datasets, despite substantial differences in their experimental protocols. The two datasets differ in stimulus design, participant pool, fMRI protocol, MRI field strength, and preprocessing pipelines. We assessed cross-dataset reproducibility of the two datasets in terms of the similarity of vertex-wise pRF estimates and in terms of large-scale cortical magnification properties. Within V1, V2, V3, and hV4, the group-median NYU and HCP vertex-wise polar angle estimates were nearly identical. Both eccentricity and pRF size estimates were also strongly correlated between the two datasets, but with a slope different from 1; the eccentricity and pRF size estimates were systematically greater in the NYU data. Next, to compare large-scale map properties, we quantified two polar angle asymmetries in V1 cortical magnification previously identified in the HCP data. The prior work reported more cortical surface area representing the horizontal than vertical visual field meridian, and the lower than upper vertical visual field meridian. We confirm both of these results in the NYU dataset. Together, our findings show that the retinotopic properties of V1-hV4 can be reliably measured between two datasets, despite numerous differences in their experimental design. fMRI-derived retinotopic maps are reproducible because they rely on an explicit computational model that is grounded in physiological evidence of how visual receptive fields are organized, allowing one to quantitatively characterize the BOLD signal in terms of stimulus properties (i.e., location and size). The new NYU Retinotopy Dataset will serve as a useful benchmark for testing hypotheses about the organization of visual areas and for comparison to the HCP Retinotopy Dataset.

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“…Sensitivity to contrast and SF varies for stimuli placed at isoeccentric locations around the visual field; it is higher at the horizontal meridian and decreases gradually towards the vertical meridian (97)(98)(99)(100). Whereas 5 out of 6 exogenous attention experiments used targets placed on the horizontal meridian, 3 out of 4 endogenous attention experiments used targets presented along the intercardinal meridians (Table S5).…”

Section: Central Performance Dropmentioning

confidence: 99%

An image-computable model on how endogenous and exogenous attention differentially alter visual perception

Jigo

Heeger

Carrasco

2021

Preprint

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Attention can facilitate or impair texture segmentation, altering whether objects are isolated from their surroundings in visual scenes. We simultaneously explain several empirical phenomena of texture segmentation and its attentional modulation with a single image-computable model. At the model’s core, segmentation relies on the interaction between sensory processing and attention, with different operating regimes for involuntary and voluntary attention systems. Model comparisons were used to identify computations critical for texture segmentation and attentional modulation. The model reproduced (i) the central performance drop, which is the parafoveal advantage for segmentation over the fovea, (ii) the peripheral improvements and central impairments induced by involuntary attention and (iii) the uniform improvements across eccentricity by voluntary attention. The proposed model reveals distinct functional roles for involuntary and voluntary attention and provides a generalizable quantitative framework for predicting the perceptual impact of attention across the visual field.

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Asymmetries in visual acuity around the visual field

Cited by 101 publications

References 117 publications

Cortical magnification in human visual cortex parallels task performance around the visual field

Cortical magnification in human visual cortex parallels task performance around the visual field

Cross-dataset reproducibility of human retinotopic maps

An image-computable model on how endogenous and exogenous attention differentially alter visual perception

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