Asymmetry Indices in Female Runners as Predictors of Running Velocity

Tabor, Piotr; Mastalerz, Andrzej; Iwańska, Dagmara; Grabowska, Olga

doi:10.2478/pjst-2019-0013

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Sports can be classified from various points of view, but the scientific field lacks a categorization that would include the predominant character of physical activity due to its frequency during sports performance. Cyclic sports predominantly involve periodically repeated movements such as medium to long-distance running, which may hypothetically lead to a balanced unilateral load on the body with low inter-limb strength asymmetry [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Conversely, Meyers et al [ 16 ] reported that running biomechanics are generally symmetric; however, some kinetic asymmetry has been detected in healthy young boys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Asymmetry among Young Elite Athletes of Various Sports

et al. 2020

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Background and objective: Type of physical activity may influence morphological and muscular asymmetries in the young population. However, less is known about the size of this effect when comparing various sports. The aim of this study was to identify the degree of bilateral asymmetry (BA) and the level of unilateral ratio (UR) between isokinetic strength of knee extensors (KE) and flexors (KF) among athletes of three different types of predominant locomotion in various sports (symmetric, asymmetric and hybrid). Material and methods: The analyzed group consisted of young elite athletes (n = 50). The maximum peak muscle torque of the KE and KF in both the dominant (DL) and non-dominant (NL) lower limb during concentric muscle contraction at an angular velocity of 60°·s−1 was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: Data analysis showed a significant effect of the main factor (the type of sport) on the level of monitored variables (p = 0.004). The type of sport revealed a significant difference in the bilateral ratio (p = 0.01). The group of symmetric and hybrid sports achieved lower values (p = 0.01) of BA in their lower limb muscles than those who played asymmetric sports. The hybrid sports group achieved higher UR values (p = 0.01) in both lower limbs. Conclusions: The results indicate that sports with predominantly symmetrical, asymmetrical, and hybrid types of locomotion affected the size of the BA, as well as the UR between KE and KF in both legs in young athletes. We recommend paying attention to regular KE and KF strength diagnostics in young athletes and optimizing individual compensatory exercises if a higher ratio of strength asymmetry is discovered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Asymmetry among Young Elite Athletes of Various Sports

et al. 2020

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“…The postural classification according to gender is frequently overlooked as a trigger factor of injuries by a previous study (Meshkati et al, 2010). Despite other studies clarifying that postural classification has no significant effect on injury (Buist et al, 2010), however, different pieces of training management in individual cases (Anggraeni et al, 2019) often result in improper load (Kusuma et al, 2018) and contribute to a high risk of injury (Tabor et al, 2019). Other findings highlight differences impact of age and gender on injuries (Sterkowicz-Przybycien & Fukuda, 2016), which are related to physical fitness, motor coordination, and technical quality (Subekti et al, 2020), and as factors that may underlie biomechanical movement in Pencak Silat to prevent injuries incidences (Zheng et al, 2020;Kusuma, 2021b),…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Investigating the Causative Factor of Musculoskeletal Injury for Indonesian Traditional Martial Arts

Kusuma

Novita

2023

Teor. metod. fiz. vihov.

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Background. The interest in Pencak Silat is growing significantly, however, followed by the elevation of injury cases with 7.7% for females and 17.8% for males. Study purpose. The study explores the injuries profile of musculoskeletal, including type, form, location, mechanism, and risk factors, across genders. Materials and methods. Two hundred and twenty-nine athletes including 148 males and 81 females in 4 different Sports Schools and Clubs (age 21.3±3.7 years old, BMI 21.12±1.56 kg/m², normal resting heart rate), who had ever attended the national competition, voluntarily participated. The personal data was collected by a research assistant, the training load was recorded by coaches, while the injuries profile was legitimated with the OSTRC-Questionnaire by medical rehabilitation specialists, and Postural Investigation was confirmed by certified clinical staff with FMS-Score-test. Results. The Incidence Rate (IR) for males was higher with 48.5 (95% CI: 45.8–51.3) and was 35.2 injuries/1000 hours for females, males had 3.1 times higher severity level than females (2.3±1.2) and had longer injuries duration (4.8±2.6 weeks) than females. The contusion brought the most frequent incidence at 32.9/1000 hours (36.7%), hematoma at 19.9 injuries/1000 hours (95%CI:17.9-23.1), and muscle soreness (12.1/1000 hours). The lower limbs were the most damaged areas with 33/1000 hours and the upper limbs (26,5%) with 5-14 injuries/1000 hours. The previous injury has a risk effect with 3.0 times higher contributed to the on-set current injury, followed by Excessive training. A kick by the opponent (25%) and offensive kick (19%) were a frequent mechanism of injuries. Conclusions. The Injury Rate (IR) was significantly different between the genders. The findings strengthen the study of injuries, which are specially characteristic of Pencak Silat, that may contribute to delivering injuries profile.

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Association Between Inter-Limb Asymmetry and Determinants of Middle- and Long-distance Running Performance in Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review

D’Hondt,

Chapelle,

Bishop

et al. 2024

Sports Med - Open

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Background The presence of inter-limb asymmetry in the human body has traditionally been perceived to be detrimental for athletic performance. However, a systematic review addressing and comprehensively assessing the association of asymmetry between the lower limbs and middle- and long-distance running performance-related metrics is currently lacking. Objective The main purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between lower inter-limb asymmetry and determinants of running performance in healthy middle- and long-distance runners. The secondary objective was to identify possible avenues for further research in this area. Methods PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched for studies investigating the relationship between lower inter-limb asymmetry and (determinants of) running performance in healthy and injury-free middle- and long-distance runners. The quality of studies eligible for inclusion was assessed using the Downs and Black Quality Index Tool. Results Out of 4817 articles screened, 8 studies were included in this review which assessed the association between functional, morphological, kinematic and kinetic asymmetry and running performance-related metrics. The quality score of the included research varied between 5/10 and 9/10. Our results revealed mixed findings, showing both significant negative (n = 16) and positive (n = 1) associations as well as no significant associations (n = 30) between inter-limb asymmetry and running performance-related metrics. Conclusions A high heterogeneity across study methods and outcomes was apparent, making it difficult to draw a straightforward conclusion. Our results indicate that the majority of metrics of functional, morphological, kinematic and kinetic inter-limb asymmetry are negatively or not associated with running performance (and/or its determinants). Thus, a more extensive high-quality body of research using standardised asymmetry magnitude metrics is essential to determine whether, and to what extent asymmetry between the lower limbs could affect middle- and long-distance running performance. Future studies should establish potential trade-off values to help practitioners develop evidence-based training programs. Key Points In the majority of the metrics, the magnitude of lower inter-limb asymmetry was negatively or not associated with middle- and long-distance running performance. Coaches, athletes and researchers should be attentive of the task, time- and metric-specificity as well as the inter- and intra- individual variability of magnitude outcomes, when assessing inter-limb asymmetries.

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Asymmetry Indices in Female Runners as Predictors of Running Velocity

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Asymmetry among Young Elite Athletes of Various Sports

Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Asymmetry among Young Elite Athletes of Various Sports

Investigating the Causative Factor of Musculoskeletal Injury for Indonesian Traditional Martial Arts

Association Between Inter-Limb Asymmetry and Determinants of Middle- and Long-distance Running Performance in Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review

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