2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.07.015
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Asymmetry within and around the human planum temporale is sexually dimorphic and influenced by genes involved in steroid hormone receptor activity

Abstract: The genetic determinants of cerebral asymmetries are unknown. Sex differences in asymmetry of the planum temporale, that overlaps Wernicke’s classical language area, have been inconsistently reported. Meta-analysis of previous studies has suggested that publication bias established this sex difference in the literature. Using probabilistic definitions of cortical regions we screened over the cerebral cortex for sexual dimorphisms of asymmetry in 2337 healthy subjects, and found the planum temporale to show the… Show more

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Cited by 120 publications
(82 citation statements)
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“…Table 2). Dopamine is very important in the functioning of the basal ganglia 39 , while steroid hormone pathways have long been studied in relation to variability in brain anatomical laterality 40,41 , handedness 42,43 , and language-related development 44,45 . The transcriptional asymmetries which we observed in these developing subcortical structures may therefore play important roles in creating broader functional lateralities for motor and language functions, also involving the cerebral cortex.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Table 2). Dopamine is very important in the functioning of the basal ganglia 39 , while steroid hormone pathways have long been studied in relation to variability in brain anatomical laterality 40,41 , handedness 42,43 , and language-related development 44,45 . The transcriptional asymmetries which we observed in these developing subcortical structures may therefore play important roles in creating broader functional lateralities for motor and language functions, also involving the cerebral cortex.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These studies rule out the existence of common variants with large effects on brain anatomy, underlining the necessity for large sample sizes; some brain regions show only suggestive associations even when studying >30,000 individuals (65). Accordingly, a GWAS of 2,337 people focusing on left-right asymmetry of one language-related region (the planum temporale) did not detect genome-wide significant associations (55). However, a biological pathway approach uncovered enrichment of association for genes involved in steroid hormone biology, consistent with the sexual dimorphism observed for planum temporale asymmetry (55).…”
Section: Integrating Genetics and Neuroimagingmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…Accordingly, a GWAS of 2,337 people focusing on left-right asymmetry of one language-related region (the planum temporale) did not detect genome-wide significant associations (55). However, a biological pathway approach uncovered enrichment of association for genes involved in steroid hormone biology, consistent with the sexual dimorphism observed for planum temporale asymmetry (55). Synergy between brain imaging and cell and animal models will be necessary to explain how common genetic variants come to affect macroscopic brain structure by influencing processes such as cell proliferation, fate determination, migration, and synapse formation.…”
Section: Integrating Genetics and Neuroimagingmentioning
confidence: 93%
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“…Altered volumes of brain regions are associated with neurodegenerative [Jack et al, 2011] and neuropsychiatric disorders [Videbech and Ravnkilde, 2004; van Erp et al, 2015]. Current Genome-Wide Association Screening (GWAS) studies connect common genetic variants known as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with phenotypic variations in brain imaging data in cohorts of healthy individuals [Bis et al, 2012; Stein et al, 2012; Cai et al, 2014; Guadalupe et al, 2015]. However, most SNPs identified by GWAS are within noncoding regions and their biological functions remain unclear.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%