Asymptomatic azygos vein overflow in a young patient with primary mediastinal seminoma

Abstract

The azygos system is the most important pathway for decompression of the superior vena cava (SVC) when a blood flow obstruction to the right atrium is present. Thoracic and mediastinal malignancies, mainly lung cancers, are responsible for 60%–85% of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) cases. An uncommon origin of SVCS is primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumor (PMMGCT) which represent 1%–4% of all mediastinal tumors and can be divided into two broad groups: seminomas and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). Primary mediastinal seminomas clinical presentation is often nonspecific, even if the majority of patients present with superior vena cava involvement. Here, we present the radiologic features of asymptomatic azygos system overflow in a patient with primary mediastinal seminoma.

Refractory primary mediastinal malignant germ cell tumor with multiple systemic metastases: A rare case report

“… 7 , 8 A few patients will present with superior vena cava compression syndrome and Horner syndrome. 9 , 10 Moreover, the probability of blood system diseases is increased in people with PMMCGT, and the common one is acute megakaryocytic leukemia. 11 In this case, the patient found the lesion due to CT scan, and occasionally had chest tightness and cough.…”