Asynchronous, contagious and digital aging

Rando, Thomas A.; Wyss‐Coray, Tony

doi:10.1038/s43587-020-00015-1

Cited by 71 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Aging is a complex process ( Kirkwood, 2005 ; de Magalhães et al, 2012 ) and has been compellingly argued recently that aging may occur in an asynchronous, non-linear fashion across cells and tissues and space and time ( López-Otín et al, 2013 ; Rando and Wyss-Coray, 2021 ). If cellular and tissue aging is not uniform across time or space, how might this be manifested in the aging mouse?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the aged body becomes more susceptible to diseases, falls, delirium, disability, and injury, a condition called frailty ( Fried et al, 2001 ; Vellas, 2016 ). As the term aging refers to the manifold changes that occur across an organism’s life-span ( Kirkwood, 2005 ; da Costa et al, 2016 ), aging is thought of as occurring in an asynchronous and non-linear fashion in which several physical functions decline at the various rate ( López-Otín et al, 2013 ; Rando and Wyss-Coray, 2021 ). The implications of these facts are that a holistic approach is needed in an aging research and that multiple physiological functions and behaviors of an aging organism need to be characterized at different stages of chronological age in order to properly describe an aging phenotype ( Craig et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Aging in Male C57BL/6J Mice Across the Life-Span: A Systematic Behavioral Analysis of Motor, Emotional, and Memory Function to Define an Aging Phenotype

Yanai

Endo

2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

115

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Aging is characterized generally by progressive and overall physiological decline of functions and is observed in all animals. A long line of evidence has established the laboratory mouse as the prime model of human aging. However, relatively little is known about the detailed behavioral and functional changes that occur across their lifespan, and how this maps onto the phenotype of human aging. To better understand age-related changes across the life-span, we characterized functional aging in male C57BL/6J mice of five different ages (3, 6, 12, 18, and 22 months of age) using a multi-domain behavioral test battery. Spatial memory and physical activities, including locomotor activity, gait velocity, and grip strength progressively declined with increasing age, although at different rates; anxiety-like behaviors increased with aging. Estimated age-related patterns showed that these functional alterations across ages are non-linear, and the patterns are unique for each behavioral trait. Physical function progressively declines, starting as early as 6 months of age in mice, while cognitive function begins to decline later, with considerable impairment present at 22 months of age. Importantly, functional aging of male C57BL/6J mouse starts at younger relative ages compared to when it starts in humans. Our study suggests that human-equivalent ages of mouse might be better determined on the basis of its functional capabilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Aging in Male C57BL/6J Mice Across the Life-Span: A Systematic Behavioral Analysis of Motor, Emotional, and Memory Function to Define an Aging Phenotype

Yanai

Endo

2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

115

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“…1 ) making the impression that the manifestations are related but loosely. “Clearly, phenotypes of aging arise as a result of underlying molecular processes, but unlike genetic diseases that are unequivocally due to genetic mutations, there is no obvious or comparable starting point” (Rando and Wyss-Coray 2021 ). A logical starting point need not be mapped to a particular structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another token is the explicit refusal to define aging while discussing it, as e.g. in (Rando and Wyss-Coray 2021 ). Instead, the authors focus on the manifestations of aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An essay on the nominal vs. real definitions of aging

Golubev

2021

Biogerontology

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In the current literature, the definitions of aging range from relying on certain sets of distinctive features at the molecular, organismal, populational and/or even evolutional levels/scales to declaring it a treatable disease and, moreover, to treating aging as a mental construct rather than a natural phenomenon. One reason of such a mess may be that it is common in the natural sciences to disregard philosophy of science where several categories of definitions are recognized, among which the nominal are less, and the so-called real ones are more appropriate in scientific contexts. E.g., water is, by its nominal definition, a liquid having certain observable features and, by its real definition, a specific combination (or a product of interaction) of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Noteworthy, the real definition is senseless for people ignorant of atoms. Likewise, the nominal definition of aging as a set of observable features should be supplemented, if not replaced, with its real definition. The latter is suggested here to imply that aging is the product of chemical interactions between the rapidly turning-over free metabolites and the slowly turning-over metabolites incorporated in macromolecules involved in metabolic control. The phenomenon defined in this way emerged concomitantly with metabolic pathways controlled by enzymes coded for by information-storing macromolecules and is inevitable wherever such conditions coincide. Aging research, thus, is concerned with the elucidation of the pathways and mechanisms that link aging defined as above to its hallmarks and manifestations, including those comprised by its nominal definitions. Esoteric as it may seem, defining aging is important for deciding whether aging is what should be declared as the target of interventions aimed at increasing human life and health spans.

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“…However, the onset and rates of ageing differ both between [2] and within species [3] and between sexes [4]. A main challenge in ageing research is to quantify and explain differences in onset and rates of ageing [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific body mass ageing trajectories in adult Asian elephants

Lalande

Lummaa

Aung

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Sex-specific life-histories are thought to shape senescence patterns differently for males and females. In species with marked sexual dimorphism and where one sex is undergoing stronger intrasexual competition, it is expected that this sex ages earlier or quicker. Here, we utilise a unique, longitudinal dataset of a semi-captive population of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) to describe the body mass ageing trajectories in this species with marked sexual dimorphism in size and lifespan, with males being larger and living shorter. Our results show sex-specific ageing trajectories: males gained weight throughout their life, at a diminishing rate until natural death. In contrast, adult female body mass did not change significantly with age until an abrupt decline during the last year of life. Our study shows that sex-specific life-histories shape ageing patterns contrary to those predicted by classical theory and expands the previously described diversity of ageing dynamics.

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Asynchronous, contagious and digital aging

Cited by 71 publications

References 84 publications

Functional Aging in Male C57BL/6J Mice Across the Life-Span: A Systematic Behavioral Analysis of Motor, Emotional, and Memory Function to Define an Aging Phenotype

Functional Aging in Male C57BL/6J Mice Across the Life-Span: A Systematic Behavioral Analysis of Motor, Emotional, and Memory Function to Define an Aging Phenotype

An essay on the nominal vs. real definitions of aging

Sex-specific body mass ageing trajectories in adult Asian elephants

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