Asynchronous neighbor discovery with unreliable link in wireless mobile networks

Li, Wei; Zhang, Jianhui; Jiang, Feilong; Li, Zhi; Xu, Chong

doi:10.1007/s12083-018-0672-y

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…More recently, however, researchers have focused on accomplishing ND under energy harvesting scenarios [ 20 ]. In either case, few researchers have taken into consideration the ND problem under non-ideal wireless channel conditions [ 19 , 21 ]. This section first introduces the most representative ND protocols.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, as far as the authors know, only a few related studies consider performance evaluations under non-ideal conditions. For instance, the authors in [ 19 ] assume a certain probability that an unreliable link would affect the discovery. Within this scenario, they proposed both deterministic and stochastic algorithms to solve the asynchronous ND problem with an unreliable link model.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [ 21 ], the authors propose Spear, a practical neighbor discovery framework that promises to reduce communication collisions, thus boosting the coincidence rate of existing ND protocols. However, the results of both [ 19 , 21 ] evaluations relied on the choice of protocols, their parametrizations, and the assumed setups. Hence, while a specific protocol might outperform others in such a comparison, it might perform differently if the parametrization or setup is changed.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For simplicity, throughout this paper, we assume that devices send beacons at the beginning and end of each active time slot and listen to beacons from other devices during the remaining slot time. Although this is not the only strategy designed to exchange information between nodes in an active slot, it is by far the most widely used strategy in the literature [ 19 ].…”

Section: Framework To Model Deterministic Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To illustrate how the framework is used, we applied it to four of the most representative ND protocols in the literature. The work in [ 19 ] is the closest to ours, yet there are three main differences. First, the main focus of this paper is to present a framework that can study the impact of transmission errors on any deterministic ND protocol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A Framework for Analyzing Neighbor Discovery Protocols under Non-Ideal Conditions

Camacho-Escoto

Lopez-Bolaños

Arana

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocols are crucial to achieving the paradigm of interconnecting thousands of small nodes (sensors or things) to the Internet, also known as the IoT. These protocols usually assume that nodes operate with few energy resources. Therefore, they cannot be fully active all the time. The vast majority of these protocols focus on increasing the probability that two nodes become active simultaneously, thus enabling mutual discovery. In addition, these protocols assume that successful discovery is guaranteed once two nodes are simultaneously active, with very few exceptions. However, many problems can disrupt the discovery, such as channel errors, collisions, synchronization mismatches, energy availability, and so forth. Most ND protocols did not consider these factors, making them vulnerable to severe performance degradation when transmission errors occur. This paper proposes a new framework to evaluate the performance of deterministic neighbor discovery protocols when transmission errors are present. The proposed framework facilitates obtaining an analytical CDF of the discovery time of such protocols with transmissions errors without having to implement the protocol in a simulator, since is time-consuming and prone to implementation errors. We applied the framework to analyze the effect of transmission errors on the discovery time in four of the most representative ND protocols in the literature. Finally, we validate the framework accuracy for the selected protocols using extensive simulations. The results show that the CDF of discovery times provided by the framework closely matches the performance results obtained through simulating these protocols. In general, neighbor discovery protocols are deeply affected as a result of transmission errors.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Framework To Model Deterministic Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Framework for Analyzing Neighbor Discovery Protocols under Non-Ideal Conditions

Camacho-Escoto

Lopez-Bolaños

Arana

et al. 2021

Sensors

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AMIND: An Asynchronous Middleware for Improving Neighborhood Discovery in Crowded Networks

Camacho-Escoto,

García,

Arana-Hernández

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Snowball: An Asynchronous Probabilistic Protocol for Neighbour Discovery in Mobile BLE Network

Rup

Bajic

Mekki³

2022

2022 IEEE 8th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT)

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Neighbour discovery is crucial for mobile ad-hoc networks and especially in Internet of Things (IoT) networks which are distributed by nature and built on mobile, communicating, and mostly battery-powered autonomous IoT devices. The challenge of efficient neighbour discovery in such architecture is to achieve both low latency and high energy efficiency discovery process, which have been shown to be major issues in the scientific community. In this paper, we contribute to the resolution of this problem applied on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) personal area network. A new neighbour discovery protocol called Snowball is proposed, which leverages the advertising and scanning features of BLE beaconing mode. Snowball provides new delay parameters upon the BLE stack to achieve a stable duty cycle schedule in the neighbourhood, which guarantee an efficient and low energy discovery process. The performance of Snowball is discussed and evaluated by simulation using Netlogo, and also by a practical experimentation using ESP32-based IoT devices.

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Asynchronous neighbor discovery with unreliable link in wireless mobile networks

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

A Framework for Analyzing Neighbor Discovery Protocols under Non-Ideal Conditions

A Framework for Analyzing Neighbor Discovery Protocols under Non-Ideal Conditions

AMIND: An Asynchronous Middleware for Improving Neighborhood Discovery in Crowded Networks

Snowball: An Asynchronous Probabilistic Protocol for Neighbour Discovery in Mobile BLE Network

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