Abstract. This paper proposes a novel reliable multicast transport protocol for multi-hop, wireless ad hoc networks (or MANETs) . To recover from the different types of Iosses that may occur in MANETs, our Reliable Adaptive Congestion-controlled Transport protocol, or Re-ACT, combines source-based congestion-and error control with receiverinitiated localized recovery. While the latter attempts to recover localized Iosses ( e.g., caused by transmission errors), the former is invoked only for Iosses and congestion that could not be recovered locally ( e.g., caused by global congestion) . Loss differentiation is an important component of ReACT and uses medium access control (MAC) layer information to distinguish between different types of losses. Through extensive simulations, we evaJuate ReACT's performance under a variety of MANET scenarios, including different affered Ioad and mobility conditions, and compare it agairrst a strictly end-to-end (i.e., no localized recovery) scheme. Our results show that ReACT is the best performer in terms of reliability. Our results also showcase the effect of ReACT's local recovery mechanism which quickly corrects error-and path breakage induced Iosses and thus manages to prevent the source from reducing its rate unnecessarily , t hus achieving significant throughput improvement with lower overhead when compared to the strictly end-to-end protocol.