“…To some extent, this problem, and the barrier it creates for users, is being solved by the transition from password control to Internet protocol (IP) control of electronic products, whereby address ranges or whole domains are registered with, for example, a publisher's electronic journals service. However, IP address checking also has its drawbacks:``anyone out of the office, or off-campus is denied access'' (Cox, 2000, p. 41) In response to this problem, which has particular relevance for distance learners, the ATHENS access management system was developed within the UK higher education community and enables a user to access multiple distributed data resources using a single username and password (Wise et al, 2000).…”