Athletic Performance and Serial Weight Changes During 12- and 24-Hour Ultra-Marathons

Kao, Wei Fong; Shyu, Chih Ling; Yang, Xiu Wu; Hsu, Teh Fu; Chen, Jin Jong; Kao, Wei-Chun; Polun-Chang, [No Value]; Huang, Yi Jen; Kuo, Fon Chu; Huang, Ching-Kuei; Lee, Chen Hsen

doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e31815cdd37

Cited by 70 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This finding supports those of Clark et al [4]; who reported that dehydration at the end of day two was positively associated with performance and Kao et al [12]; who showed a significant relationship between percentage BM loss in a 24 hour ultra-marathon and performance. These findings contradict those of McConell et al [10] and Fallowfield et al [11], who previously reported negative effects of dehydration on endurance exercise performance in temperate climes.…”

Section: Hydration Status With Performancesupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A meta-analysis of two research articles and eight individual studies reported drinking according to the dictate of thirst was associated with an increase in TT performance compared with a rate of drinking below (+5.2 ± 4.6%, p = 0.01), or above (+2.4 ± 5.0%, p = 0.40), thirst [39]. This could account for why dehydration has not been found to negatively affect performance in many observational studies on "real-life" events when participants are free to drink as they desire [4,12], providing fluids are available.…”

Section: Hydration Status With Performancementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Whilst several studies have observed detriments to performance [10][11], others have shown improvements in performance with markers of dehydration [4,12]. Therefore, more research is needed to resolve the impact of fluid balance on endurance performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Assessment of the Hydration Status of Recreational Endurance Athletes During Mountain Marathon Events

Mahon¹,

Hackett²,

Stott³

et al. 2014

AJSS

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Abstract:Changes in hydration status have been shown to have deleterious effects on physiological functioning, physical performance, mental decision making, and subjective sensation of effort. This exploratory study assessed the hydration status of athletes taking part in mountain marathon events and the implications on performance, cognition and well-being markers. Twenty-nine male recreational athletes from the Original Mountain Marathon (OMM) and nineteen from the Longmynd Hike (LH) provided urine samples before, at mid-point (in the OMM) and after the events. Body mass; reaction time tests; and subjective ratings of well-being and effort were also collected/performed at these time points. Post-urine specific gravity (U sg ) values [(OMM: 1.023 (range: 1.008 -1.038) g/ml; LH: 1.024 (range: 1.014 -1.035) g/ml] were significantly higher than pre-values [(OMM: 1.013 (range: 1.002 -1.026) g/ml; LH: 1.013 (range: 1.002 -1.026) g/ml] in both events (p < 0.01), but there was no significant change from mid-to post-event in the OMM (p > 0.05). There was no association between hydration status and overall performance in the LH, whilst change in U sg from pre-to mid-event was positively associated with performance in the OMM (r = .561, p = 0.004). Whilst no associations were observed between hydration status and reaction time, rate of perceived exertion and subjective ratings of nausea showed positive associations with U sg. These findings suggest that although changes in hydration status of this level may not significantly affect performance, they can impact on participant sensations of effort and well-being.

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Section: Hydration Status With Performancesupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Hydration Status With Performancementioning

confidence: 92%

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An Assessment of the Hydration Status of Recreational Endurance Athletes During Mountain Marathon Events

Mahon¹,

Hackett²,

Stott³

et al. 2014

AJSS

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show abstract

“…During ultra-marathon running, the largest decreases in body mass occur in the first hours of the race [55]. Large fluid intakes might, however, lead to an increased risk for exercise-associated hyponatremia, defined as plasma sodium concentration [Na + ] <135 mmol/l.…”

Section: Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism During Ultra-runningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultramarathon Running: Medical Issues

Knechtle

2016

Extreme Sports Medicine

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“…A decrease in body mass is considered to be the result of dehydration in marathoners [1,2] and ultra-marathoners [3]. In a marathon with an average duration of about 3 h, body mass decreased by 2 kg [2]; in an ultra-marathon such as a 24-h run, body mass decreased by 2 kg [4] up to 2.5 kg [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do ultra-runners in a 24-h run really dehydrate?

Knechtle

Wirth²,

Knechtle³

et al. 2010

Ir J Med Sci

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Background Loss of body mass during a 24-h run was considered to be a result of dehydration. Aims We intended to quantify the decrease in body mass as a loss in fat mass or skeletal muscle mass and to quantify the change in hydration status. Methods Body mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, haematocrit, plasma sodium and urinary specific gravity were measured in 15 ultra-marathoners in a 24-h run. Results Body mass decreased by 2.2 kg (p = 0.0009) and fat mass decreased by 0.5 kg (p = 0.0084). The decrease in body mass correlated to the decrease in fat mass (r = 0.72, p = 0.0024). Urinary specific gravity increased from 1.012 to 1.022 g/mL (p = 0.0005). Conclusions The decrease in body mass and the increase in urinary specific gravity indicate dehydration. The decrease in body mass was correlated to the decrease in fat mass and therefore not only due to dehydration.

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Athletic Performance and Serial Weight Changes During 12- and 24-Hour Ultra-Marathons

Cited by 70 publications

References 13 publications

An Assessment of the Hydration Status of Recreational Endurance Athletes During Mountain Marathon Events

An Assessment of the Hydration Status of Recreational Endurance Athletes During Mountain Marathon Events

Ultramarathon Running: Medical Issues

Do ultra-runners in a 24-h run really dehydrate?

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