Atividade e Biodisponibilidade dos Carotenóides no Organismo/Activity and Bioavailability of Carotenoids in Body

Abstract

Os carotenóides são pigmentos naturais presentes nos alimentos, que dependendo de suas estruturas podem ser convertidos em vitamina A. Representam uma classe de antioxidantes encontrados predominantemente em frutas e vegetais, tendo sua composição e estabilidade nos alimentos afetadas por diversos fatores. O metabolismo dos carotenóides no organismo é um processo complexo, similar ao dos lipídeos e está associado a potenciais benefícios através de sua atividade modulatória. A sua ação, principalmente antioxidante, é dependente da capacidade do organismo absorvê-lo, armazená-lo e utilizá-lo em seus diferentes sistemas metabólicos. Diante disso é necessário compreender os fatores que afetam a sua biodisponibilidade. Portanto, o objetivo desta revisão foi descrever o metabolismo dos carotenóides, sua atividade no organismo e os fatores que podem interferir em sua biodisponibilidade. Palavras chave: Metabolismo; interações nutricionais, atividade modulatória.Carotenoids are natural pigments present in foods, depending on their structures can be converted into vitamin A. Represent a class of antioxidants found mainly in fruits and vegetables, and its composition and stability of foods affected by several factors. The metabolism of carotenoids in the body is a complex process, similar to that of lipids and is associated with potential benefits through their modulatory activity. Their action, especially antioxidant, is dependent on the body's ability to absorb it, store it and use it in their different metabolic systems. Besides, we need to understand the factors affecting its bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of this review was to describe the metabolism of carotenoids, their activity in the body and the factors that may interfere with its bioavailability. Key words: Metabolism, nutritional interactions, modulatory activity.

Physicochemical and antioxidant capacity analysis of colored sweet potato genotypes: in natura and thermally processed

“…Beauregard is a biofortified sweet potato cultivar where carotenoids concentration can be 10 times higher than other cultivars (white and cream pulp). According to HAYASE & KATO (1984), β-carotene is the major carotenoid reported in orange sweet potatoes and it is responsible for their pulp orange color, this compound is transformed in the organism in vitamin A, which is important for health promotion (LIMA et al, 2012).…”

Astaxanthin supplementation extracted from Haematococcus pluvialis on clinical parameters associated with chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome / Suplementação de astaxantina extraída de Haematococcus pluvialis sobre os parâmetros clínicos associados com doenças crônicas e síndrome metabólica

“…The others instructed that the ingestion be done right after breakfast. This indicates vulnerability to the bioaccessibility of astaxanthin, as a breakfast can have a very varied composition, due to the diversity of eating habits 43 . The lack of evaluation of the participants' food consumption, within the studies, most of the times, makes it impossible to analyze the amounts of antioxidant substances ingested through food.…”

“…These could demand the antioxidant function of the bioactive substance, compromising its pharmacokinetics, as well as its pharmacodynamics. In addition, there are other factors that could also interfere, such as exposure to light, oxygen, storage conditions, dietary method and technique, consumption of dietary fiber at the same meal, dysbiosis and reduced intestinal pH, use of gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor pharmaceuticals (eg, Orlistat), indicated for the treatment of obesity, by the Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome 4,43 .…”