Atividade física de idosos e fatores associados à pré-fragilidade

Abstract

Objective: To investigate pre-frailty and factors associated with this condition, considering the levels of physical activity of the elderly. Methods: Cross-sectional quantitative study. The sample was calculated based on the estimated population proportion and comprised 195 older adults receiving care at a Basic Health Unit. Data were collected by means of a sociodemographic/clinical profile questionnaire and a second questionnaire regarding physical activity. Results: Among the 195 subjects participating in the study, 73 had a decreased level of physical activity and were classified as being in a condition of pre-frailty for this component. Conclusion: Pre-frailty for physical activity presented a moderate prevalence and was associated with the age range and the use of medication, such as antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory drugs. ResumoObjetivo: Investigar a pré-fragilidade e os fatores associados a essa condição, considerando o nível de atividade física dos idosos. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo transversal. A amostra foi calculada com base na estimativa da proporção populacional e constituída por 195 idosos usuários de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados mediante questionário sociodemográfico/clínico e nível de atividade física. Resultados: Dos 195 sujeitos participantes da pesquisa, 73 possuíam diminuição do nível de atividade física, sendo classificados em condição de pré-fragilidade para esse componente. Conclusão: A pré-fragilidade para atividade física possui moderada prevalência e associou-se à faixa etária e ao uso de medicamentos, entre eles anti-hipertensivos e anti-inflamatórios.

Frailty Assessment and its Association with Sociodemographic and Health Characteristics in Community Elderly

“…This result may be due to the place of study, a FHU, since independent people with functional capacity preserved seek most frequently FHUs. Others also had similar percentages [2,4,7,8,10,12,13], diverging from other researches that worked with the same object, but in the hospital context [3,6,11], as well as at a Long-Term Permanence Institution for the elderly (LTPI) [16,18], where there was a greater predominance of frailty in the participants, and where there are elderly individuals with comorbidities, cognitive deficits and functional decline [11].…”

“…Among the surveyed elderly, the female gender prevailed and the age group ranged from 60 to 69 years. There was a similar result in studies that aimed to investigate the frailty [1,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The large number of women in the surveys can be justified because they are more attentive to health, seek health services frequently, expose themselves to different risks and have better quality of life [10,11,13].…”

“…The large number of women in the surveys can be justified because they are more attentive to health, seek health services frequently, expose themselves to different risks and have better quality of life [10,11,13]. There was no significant differences between the presence of frailty and gender and age, but studies commonly show the relationship of frailty in women and in the eldest elderlies [3,4,8,10,13,15,16]. Thus, frailty syndrome may increase with aging, 10% to 25% above 60 years old, and 46% above 80 years old [10].…”

“…According to a research carried out at a geriatric outpatient clinic, between 10 and 25% of the studied elderly population had some clinical condition that could lead to frailty [6], such as the symptoms of unintentional weight loss, weakness, fatigue, low level of physical activity and walking speed decrease [4,7,8].…”

“…The risk factors for the frailty are the female gender, advanced age, low income, low educational level, non-accessibility to health services, presence of chronic diseases, polypharmacy and sedentary lifestyle [2,8,9].…”