Atlas of Atomic Emission Spectral Lines

Parsons, M. L.; McElfresh, P. M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-6084-1_2

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“…In addition, we calculate the absolute local net emission u rad by solving the two-dimensional radiation transfer equation after [8]. Spectral line data and broadening parameters have been taken from [9][10][11][12][13]. Broadening parameters and the calculation of constants in the case of lack of experimental data are also given in [6,14].…”

Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamps

Born

2002

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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This paper gives a summary of recent results about the replacement of mercury in high-pressure discharge lamps by metallic zinc. Actually, this topic is of high relevance for the lighting industry due to the need for more environmentally friendly products. Due to upcoming European legislations which are expected for the year 2003, the replacement of mercury in lighting products is a high priority task. For example, mercury-free headlight discharge lamps are requested by the automotive industry.Pure zinc/argon discharges as well as lamps including zinc or mercury and metal halide additives are investigated. Experimental data are compared with model calculations of the energy balance involving the transport of heat and radiation. Since the excitation energies of relevant zinc transitions are lower than for mercury, axis temperatures of pure zinc lamps are about 300 K below the value of mercury arcs. In addition, the thermal conductivity of zinc including the contribution of radiation diffusion is larger than compared to mercury. From lamp voltage measurements it is found that the cross section for elastic electron scattering by zinc atoms is about the same as for mercury. When adding metal halides to a pure zinc discharge with argon as a starting gas, i.e. NaI, TlI, DyI 3 , axis temperatures decrease to about 5100 K due to strong radiation cooling. In order to obtain sufficiently large lamp voltages, wall temperatures of more than 1300 K are adjusted by means of polycrystalline aluminaoxide (Al 2 O 3 ) as a wall material. Electric field strengths of 6.0 and 8.6 V mm −1 are measured for metal halide lamps containing zinc or mercury, respectively. The light technical data of the discharges are very close, since mercury and zinc do not contribute significantly to the radiation in the visible range. Efficacies of up to 93 and 100 lm W −1 are found in metal halide lamps with zinc and mercury, respectively. Consequently, zinc turns out to be an attractive replacement for mercury in this type of lamp not only from an environmental point of view.

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Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamps

Born

2002

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Atlas of Atomic Emission Spectral Lines

Cited by 1 publication

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Physics of mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamps

Physics of mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamps

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