Atlas of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genetic diversity based on spike and kernel characters

Зуев, Е. В.; Amri, Al Ikhsan; Brykova, A.N.; Pyukkenen, V.P.; Митрофанова, О. П.

doi:10.30901/978-5-905954-97-9

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The species composition of every sample was quantified following the taxonomical classification of Pignatti (1982). After two years of sample regeneration, 434 durum wheat plants were totally examined, and categorized according to their botanical variety based on a combination of the five traits used in almost every classification system of wheat: presence or absence of awns; presence or absence of pubescent glumes; glume colour (white, red); awn colour (white, red or black) and kernel colour (white or red) (Percival, 1921;Flyaksberger, 1935;Dorofeev et al, 1979;Vavilov, 1992;Zuev et al, 2013). A subsample of 96 plants representing each botanical variety was examined in greater depth using the following 20 morphological traits: The qualitative traits were measured using the value scale ranging of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV, 2012) test guideline, dated 28/03/ 2012.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative botanical characterization of Saragolla wheat landraces from Abruzzo and Puglia Regions of Italy

Rascio,

Fiorillo,

Paone

et al. 2022

Plant Genet. Resour.

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Since the 1600s, a pasta wheat locally known as Sargolla, Saragollio or Saragollo has been cultivated in central and southern regions of Italy, including Abruzzo and Puglia. To identify if distinctive Saragolla landraces are present in Abruzzo and with a view to registering them as Conservation Varieties in the Abruzzo Regional Register of Genetic Resources, a quantitative botanical characterization of 11 farm-saved seed samples from Abruzzo and a previously defined Saragolla landrace from Puglia was performed. All twelve samples were grown for two years at the CREA-CI field station in Foggia, Puglia (Italy), and were morphologically characterized according to the criteria used by the botanist Johan Percival in 1921. In the 12 samples, we identified 9 taxonomically different botanical types, the most frequent of which were the italicum (32%), found in every population from Abruzzo. The leucurum and the affine were the main components of the previously defined Saragolla from Puglia. Results of the multivariate analysis indicated that the samples collected from farms in Abruzzo are more similar to each other than to the landrace of Saragolla from Puglia and support the registration of a specific Saragolla landrace for the Abruzzo region. The diachronic comparison of the botanical diversity of the currently cultivated Saragolla, with that observed in Sicily and Algeria at the beginning of 1900, suggests that a high degree of genetic diversity still exists in the 11 Saragolla populations from the Abruzzo Region.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative botanical characterization of Saragolla wheat landraces from Abruzzo and Puglia Regions of Italy

Rascio,

Fiorillo,

Paone

et al. 2022

Plant Genet. Resour.

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“…The combination of these highly heritable traits defines the botanical variety (or morphotypes) as described by Zuev et al. (2013). After classification and assignment to a botanical variety, ∼20 spikes, representing the diversity of a landrace, were selected for planting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, the spikes collected from each field were divided into groups based on spike morphological traits: glume color and pubescence, presence of awns, and grain color. The combination of these highly heritable traits defines the botanical variety (or morphotypes) as described by Zuev et al (2013). After classification and assignment to a botanical variety, ∼20 spikes, representing the diversity of a landrace, were selected for planting.…”

Section: Wheat Landrace Collection and Evaluation In Tajikistan 2013-2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and agronomic performance of wheat landraces currently grown in Tajikistan

et al. 2021

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Tajikistan is rich in genetic resources and one of a few countries where farmers still grow wheat (Triticum spp) landraces, which are important for production and breeding. This study undertook morphological description and agronomic and genomic characterization of wheat landraces collected in Tajikistan in 2013 and 2014 to develop opportunities for their use in breeding and on-farm maintenance. In total, 60 wheat landraces were collected from 40 villages in 14 administrative districts and four regions. They were evaluated for agronomic traits in field trials in Turkey. The study identified six distinct regions where landraces are still grown. The villages growing the landraces were remote, with the distance to the nearest market being 30-100 km. The area allocated to wheat landraces varied from 0.01 to 2 ha. The main reason for maintaining the wheat landraces was their suitability for homemade bread and specific adaptation to high altitude. Overall, 68 distinct lines originating from landraces were identified using morphological and genomic descriptions. A core set of 30 lines was selected and field phenotyped under rain-fed conditions. Several landraces (Joydori, Safedak, Surkhaki besuk, Shukhak, Surkh-suk, and Kilaki bartang) that exceeded local check for grain yield and size were identified. Cluster analysis using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array kinship matrix demonstrated relatedness between the landraces from different regions of Tajikistan and from neighboring regions of Uzbekistan. The value of this study for the international community is in conservation of rare and unique wheat landraces that could have been lost in the future.

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“…For this reason, the samples were divided into similar groups based on spike morphological traits: glume color and pubescence, presence of awns and grain color. The combination of these highly inherited traits defines the botanical variety (or morphotypes) as described by Zuev et al (2013) and presented in Table S2. After classification and grouping of morphotypes, 20 spikes were selected from each landrace for planting representing the whole diversity of the landrace.…”

Section: Wheat Landraces Collection and Evaluation In Uzbekistan 2012-2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and sustainability of wheat landraces grown in Uzbekistan

Baboev

Mumınjanov

Turakulov

et al. 2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Development of new wheat cultivars combining good local adaptation, disease resistance and grain quality represents an important strategy component for national food security. Uzbekistan was identified by N. Vavilov as important center of wheat diversity. An inventory of landraces was conducted in 2010-2013 in western Tien-Shan Mountains to survey, collect, and characterize old wheats still grown by farmers. Thirty landraces were collected from 17 villages in Jizzakh, Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya Regions. The material went through spike selection, head-rows, un-replicated trials in Tashkent, Uzbekistan (2012)(2013)(2014)(2015), and replicated trials in Konya, Turkey (2018. Landrace diversity was described using spike morphological traits and DNA profiles as reflected by single nucleotide polymorphism. A socioeconomic survey demonstrated that wheat landraces are grown in remote mountain communities by subsistence farmers despite having access to modern cultivars, and both are frequently grown together. The main reasons for the maintenance of landraces are: (1) large grain with excellent breadmaking quality and suitability for home-baking; (2) specific adaptations allowing stable and reliable yield; and (3) straw yield and quality. Similar genomic profiles shared by some landraces from remote regions of Uzbekistan and neighboring Tajikistan demonstrated their common origin and are indicative of seed exchange between farmers. Agronomic characterization demonstrated the resilient nature of their adaptation based on spring and facultative growth habit and superiority of some landraces for grain yield and its components compared to local checks. Viable options for maintaining and expanding on-farm wheat diversity include their improvement through selection and breeding, market development, variable incentives, and capacity building. For the first time, this paper presents results of a unique 10-year study in Uzbekistan on social conditions in the areas where wheat landraces are grown, analyses the diversity of these landraces, evaluates agronomic characteristics, and discusses the sustainability options for on-farm wheat landraces use and conservation.

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Atlas of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genetic diversity based on spike and kernel characters

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Quantitative botanical characterization of Saragolla wheat landraces from Abruzzo and Puglia Regions of Italy

Quantitative botanical characterization of Saragolla wheat landraces from Abruzzo and Puglia Regions of Italy

Genetic diversity and agronomic performance of wheat landraces currently grown in Tajikistan

Diversity and sustainability of wheat landraces grown in Uzbekistan

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