Atlas of the Domestic Turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo). Myology and Osteology.

Harvey, Ethel Browne; Kaiser, H.; Rosenberg, Lauren E.

doi:10.2172/4811958

Cited by 19 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Six different hindlimb muscles were identified following the study of Harvey and co-workers (Harvey et al, 1968). The tendons studied belonged to the following muscles: gastrocnemius complex (GA; N8), tibialis cranialis (TC; N9), extensor digitorum longus (EDL; N12), flexor perforans digiti 3 (FPD3; N12), flexor perforans et perforatus digiti 3 (FPPD3; N12) and flexor hallucis longus (FHL; N12) [nomenclature follows Vanden Berge and Zweers (Vanden Berge and Zweers, 1993)].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tendon material properties vary and are interdependent among turkey hindlimb muscles

Matson

Konow

Miller

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe material properties of a tendon affect its ability to store and return elastic energy, resist damage, provide mechanical feedback and amplify or attenuate muscle power. While the structural properties of a tendon are known to respond to a variety of stimuli, the extent to which material properties vary among individual muscles remains unclear. We studied the tendons of six different muscles in the hindlimb of Eastern wild turkeys to determine whether there was variation in elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength and resilience. A hydraulic testing machine was used to measure tendon force during quasi-static lengthening, and a stress-strain curve was constructed. There was substantial variation in tendon material properties among different muscles. Average elastic modulus differed significantly between some tendons, and values for the six different tendons varied nearly twofold, from 829±140 to 1479±106MPa. Tendons were stretched to failure, and the stress at failure, or ultimate tensile stress, was taken as a lower-limit estimate of tendon strength. Breaking tests for four of the tendons revealed significant variation in ultimate tensile stress, ranging from 66.83±14.34 to 112.37±9.39MPa. Resilience, or the fraction of energy returned in cyclic length changes was generally high, and one of the four tendons tested was significantly different in resilience from the other tendons (range: 90.65±0.83 to 94.02±0.71%). An analysis of correlation between material properties revealed a positive relationship between ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus (r 2 0.79). Specifically, stiffer tendons were stronger, and we suggest that this correlation results from a constrained value of breaking strain, which did not vary significantly among tendons. This finding suggests an interdependence of material properties that may have a structural basis and may explain some adaptive responses observed in studies of tendon plasticity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tendon material properties vary and are interdependent among turkey hindlimb muscles

Matson

Konow

Miller

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The galliform mandible has been described in varying degrees of detail by several authors (e.g., Kaupp, 1918;chamberlain, 1943;Jollie, 1957;Fujioka, 1963;McLeod et al, 1964;Harvey et al, 1968;Fitzgerald, 1969;Nickel et al, 1977;Baumel, 1979;Komarek, 1979;Butendieck and Wissdorf, 1982;Komarek et al, 19861, but only Fujioka (1963) recorded the areas of muscle attachments on the mandibular surface. The mandible is briefly redescribed here only to the extent that it forms the external framework for the lingual apparatus and provides sites for the attachment of lingual muscles and fascias.…”

Section: Mandiblementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Posterior angular process Caudal angular process Caudal process posterior Baumel (1979), Butendieck and Wissdorf (1982), Komarek et al (1986) Zweers (1974), Nickel et al (1977) McLeod et al (1964, Fitzgerald (1969) Harvey et al (1968) Chamberlain (1943) Fitzgerald (1969 third of the cartilaginous process of the paraglossale almost to the tip of the caudal process of the paraglossale (Figs. 4A, 5A, 6).…”

Section: Angular Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noden (1983) even perceived that the Mccc merges with the M. mylohyoideus. The description given by Harvey et al (1968) seems to indicate that they did not recognize that the Mccc is a muscle that is separate from the M. dermotemporalis. The inability to separate these two muscles completely may also have plagued the confused descriptions by Kaupp (1918) and Fitzgerald (1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Ghetie and Atanasiu (1962) and Nickel et al (1977) failed to see the raphe. Furthermore, Harvey et al (1968) described the insertion as being on the caudal end of the raphe of the M. mylohyoideus, and Ludwig Ferdinand (1884) described it as being on the hyoid skeleton. The relationship of the Mcci to other muscles was given a variety of interpretations by previous authors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology of the lingual apparatus of the domestic chicken, Gallus gallus, with special attention to the structure of the fasciae

Homberger

Meyers

1989

Am. J. Anat.

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A detailed redescription of the mechanically interacting structural elements of the lingual apparatus of the domestic chicken, Gallus gallus, revealed the functional and constructional role of organized connective tissue (i.e., ligaments and fasciae) as structural elements that ensure the proper biomechanical interactions among the various structures within the lingual apparatus (e.g., cartilaginous and bony skeletal elements, muscles, salivary glands, epithelial structures). Fasciae, together with extrinsic muscles, also connect the lingual apparatus to the other components of the feeding apparatus, such as the skull, jaw apparatus, and larynx. For example, the hyoid apparatus is attached to the skull by a sheath-like fascia (F. vaginalis), the internal structure of which is described here for the first time. Thus, the hyoid suspension in birds differs fundamentally from that in mammals. This study is the first to examine all biomechanically functioning structural elements that are part of the galliform lingual apparatus in a systematic and comprehensive manner. It also provides a set of novel characters that may be useful for future comparative studies in evolutionary and functional morphology.

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Thoracic epaxial muscles in living archosaurs and ornithopod dinosaurs

Organ

2006

Anat. Rec.

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Crocodylians possess the same thoracic epaxial muscles as most other saurians, but M. transversospinalis is modified by overlying osteoderms. Compared with crocodylians, the thoracic epaxial muscles of birds are reduced in size, disrupted by the synsacrum, and often modified by intratendinous ossification and the notarium. A phylogenetic perspective is used to determine muscle homologies in living archosaurs (birds and crocodylians), evaluate how the apparent disparity evolved, and reconstruct the thoracic epaxial muscles in ornithopod dinosaurs. The avian modifications of the epaxial musculoskeletal system appear to have coevolved with the synsacrum and notarium. The lattice of ossified tendons in iguanodontoidean dinosaurs (Hadrosauridae and Iguanodontidae) is homologized to M. transversospinalis in crocodylians and M. longus colli dorsalis, pars thoracica in birds. Birds have an arrangement of tendons within M. longus colli dorsalis, pars thoracica identical to that observed in the epaxial ossified tendons of iguanodontoid dinosaurs. Moreover, many birds (such as grebes and turkeys) ossify these tendons, resulting in a two-or three-layered lattice of ossified tendons, a morphology also seen in iguanodontoid dinosaurs. Although the structure of M. transversospinalis appears indistinguishable between birds and iguanodontoid dinosaurs, intratendinous ossification within this epaxial muscle evolved convergently. Anat Rec Part A, 288A: 782-793, 2006.

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Atlas of the Domestic Turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo). Myology and Osteology.

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Tendon material properties vary and are interdependent among turkey hindlimb muscles

Tendon material properties vary and are interdependent among turkey hindlimb muscles

Morphology of the lingual apparatus of the domestic chicken, Gallus gallus, with special attention to the structure of the fasciae

Thoracic epaxial muscles in living archosaurs and ornithopod dinosaurs

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