Atmospheric aerosol, gases, and meteorological parameters measured during the LAPSE-RATE campaign by the Finnish Meteorological Institute and Kansas State University

Brus, David; Gustafsson, Jani; Kemppinen, Osku; Boer, Gijs de; Hirsikko, Anne

doi:10.5194/essd-13-2909-2021

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The POPS is a lightweight (550 g) optical particle counter measuring particle number and particle size distribution in the range of 115 nm -3.37 µm at a 1-second time resolution. POPS was designed to be used on mobile platforms and has already been deployed with success on radiosonde balloons (Yu et al, 2017(Yu et al, , 2019Kloss et al, 2020), tethered balloons (de Boer et al, 2018;Creamean et al, 2021;Pilz et al, 2022;Mei et al, 2022;Walter et al, 2023;Lata et al, 2023), fixed-wing UAVs (Telg et al, 2017;Kezoudi et al, 2021;Mei et al, 2022;DeFelice et al, 2023), and other multirotor UAVs (Liu et al, 2021;Brus et al, 2021).…”

Section: Measurement Uavmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated the ability to obtain high-quality aerosol measurements from a POPS mounted on a multirotor UAV (Liu et al, 2021;Brus et al, 2021). Characterizing and validating the measurements obtained from a multirotor UAV is important to quantify any effects that the rotors may have on particle measurements.…”

Section: Comparison Of Pops Measurements With and Without Rotorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, by installing a lightweight optical particle counter or particulate matter sensor, UAVs are well-suited for measuring vertical and/or horizontal distribution of aerosol in the polluted boundary layer (e.g., Weber et al, 2017;Mamali et al, 2018;Samad et al, 2022;Li et al, 2022;Suchanek et al, 2022;Pusfitasari et al, 2023;Järvi et al, 2023). Other examples of UAVs used in atmospheric research include estimating atmospheric turbulence (e.g., Fuertes et al, 2019;Alaoui-Sosse et al, 2019;Egerer et al, 2023), measuring volcanic plumes and their dispersions (e.g., McGonigle et al, 2008;Mori et al, 2016;Albadra et al, 2020), and for meteorological profiling (e.g., Holland et al, 2001;Reuder et al, 2009;Brosy et al, 2017;Koch et al, 2018;Leuenberger et al, 2020;Brus et al, 2021;Bärfuss et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two new multirotor UAVs for glaciogenic cloud seeding and aerosol measurements within the CLOUDLAB project

Miller,

Ramelli,

Fuchs

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become widely used in a range of atmospheric science research applications. Because of their small size, flexible range of motion, adaptability, and low cost, multirotor UAVs are especially well-suited for probing the lower atmosphere. However, their use so far has been limited to conditions outside of clouds, first because of the difficulty of flying beyond visual line of sight, and second because of the challenge of flying in icing conditions in supercooled clouds. Here, we present two UAVs for cloud microphysical research: one UAV (the measurement UAV) equipped with a Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS) and meteorological sensors to probe the aerosol and meteorological properties in the boundary layer, and one UAV (the seeding UAV) equipped with seeding flares to produce a plume of particles that can initiate ice in supercooled clouds. A propeller heating mechanism on both UAVs allows for operating in supercooled clouds with icing conditions. These UAVs are an integral part of the CLOUDLAB project in which glaciogenic cloud seeding of supercooled low stratus clouds is utilized for studying aerosol-cloud interactions and ice crystal formation and growth. In this paper, we first show validations of the POPS onboard the measurement UAV, demonstrating that the rotor turbulence has a negligible effect on aerosol measurements. We exemplify its applicability for profiling the planetary boundary layer, as well as for sampling and characterizing aerosol plumes, in this case, the seeding plume. We explain the different flight patterns that are possible for both UAVs, namely horizontal or vertical leg patterns or hovering, with an extensive and flexible parameter space for designing the flight patterns according to our scientific goals. Finally, we show two examples of seeding experiments: first characterizing an out-of-cloud seeding plume with the measurement UAV flying horizontal transects through the plume, and second, characterizing an in-cloud seeding plume with downstream measurements with POPS on a tethered balloon. Particle concentrations and size distributions of the seeding plume from the experiments reveal that we can successfully produce and measure the seeding plume, both in-cloud and out-of-cloud. The methods presented here will be useful for probing the lower atmosphere, for characterizing aerosol plumes, and for deepening our cloud microphysical understanding through cloud seeding experiments, all of which have the potential to benefit the atmospheric science community.

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Section: Measurement Uavmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Pops Measurements With and Without Rotorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Two new multirotor UAVs for glaciogenic cloud seeding and aerosol measurements within the CLOUDLAB project

Miller,

Ramelli,

Fuchs

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Shallow Katabatic Flow in a Complex Valley: An Observational Case Study Leveraging Uncrewed Aircraft Systems

Bailey

Smith

Sama

et al. 2023

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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Development and Calibration of Pressure-Temperature-Humidity (PTH) Probes for Distributed Atmospheric Monitoring Using Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Ladino

Sama

Stanton

2022

Sensors

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Small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are increasingly being used for meteorology and atmospheric monitoring. The ease of deployment makes distributed sensing of parameters such as barometric pressure, temperature, and relative humidity in the lower atmospheric boundary layer feasible. However, constraints on payload size and weight, and to a lesser extent power, limit the types of sensors that can be deployed. The objective of this work was to develop a miniature pressure-temperature-humidity (PTH) probe for UAS integration. A set of eight PTH probes were fabricated and calibrated/validated using an environmental chamber. An automated routine was developed to facilitate calibration and validation from a large set of temperature and relative humidity setpoints. Linear regression was used to apply temperature and relative humidity calibrations. Barometric pressure was calibrated using a 1-point method consisting of an offset. The resulting PTH probes were less than 4 g in mass and consumed less than 1 mA when operated from a 5 VDC source. Measurements were transmitted as a formatted string in ASCII format at 1 Hz over a 3.3 V TTL UART. Prior to calibration, measurements between individual PTH probes were significantly different. After calibration, no significant differences in temperature measurements across all PTH probes were observed, and the level of significance between PTH probes was reduced. Actual differences between calibrated PTH probes were likely to be negligible for most UAS-based applications, regardless of significance. RMSE across all calibrated PTH probes for the pressure, temperature, and relative humidity was less than 31 Pa, 0.13 °C, and 0.8% RH, respectively. The resulting calibrated PTH probes will improve the ability to quantify small variations in ambient conditions during coordinated multi-UAS flights.

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Atmospheric aerosol, gases, and meteorological parameters measured during the LAPSE-RATE campaign by the Finnish Meteorological Institute and Kansas State University

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Two new multirotor UAVs for glaciogenic cloud seeding and aerosol measurements within the CLOUDLAB project

Two new multirotor UAVs for glaciogenic cloud seeding and aerosol measurements within the CLOUDLAB project

Shallow Katabatic Flow in a Complex Valley: An Observational Case Study Leveraging Uncrewed Aircraft Systems

Development and Calibration of Pressure-Temperature-Humidity (PTH) Probes for Distributed Atmospheric Monitoring Using Unmanned Aircraft Systems

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