Atmospheric aging increases the cytotoxicity of bare soot particles in BEAS-2B lung cells

Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Biomass Burning Emitted Phenolic Compounds: Oxidative Potential, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cytotoxicity

“… 38 Photochemical aging of primary particles can also increase or decrease toxicity, depending on sources and oxidation conditions. 66 , 67 In one such study, the aging of smoke from mixed fuels decreased its mutagenicity as well as its PAH content, suggesting that aromaticity could drive toxicity. 68 Here, when the photochemical age is above 3 days, the carbon yield decreases in PSOA and GSOA ( Figure S8 ), suggesting that fragmentation reactions prevail over functionalization reactions 69 for both Phc-SOA.…”

The Cytotoxic Effects of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) from Different Sources at the Air–Liquid Interface Exposure on A549 Cells

“…At PM 2.5 exposure levels of 50 μg, the industrial–source samples caused relatively high levels of cellular DNA damage. A study has shown that the exposure of cells to fresh and aged smoke particles at the air–liquid interface could induce an increase in the DNA damage levels in cells, and the toxicity of aged smoke particles was stronger [ 37 ]. In this study, under acute exposure conditions at the air–liquid interface, the traffic–source PM 2.5 induced the highest levels of γ–H2AX and DNA damage in cells, the industrial–source PM 2.5 had a higher degree of DNA damage in cells, and the residential–source PM 2.5 had the lowest impact on the DNA damage.…”

The effect of aging conditions at equal OH exposure in an oxidation flow reactor on the composition of toluene-derived secondary organic aerosols

“…15 In these ways, high OH exposures (time × OH concentration) of 1 × 10 12 s cm −3 equivalent to up to 14 days and beyond may be reached, and were used to study OH-initiated SOA formation from VOCs, 16,17 combustion aerosols, 18,19 ambient air 20,21 and also heterogeneous oxidation of carbonaceous particulate matter. 22,23 However, concerns have been raised that OFR chemistry may be generally irrelevant to tropospheric chemistry. 15 Peng et al (2016,2017, and 2019) [24][25][26][27] developed a model for the potential aerosol mass (PAM) OFR 28,29 to dene the space of atmospherically relevant reactions and beyond, for example by the classes "safer", "transition" and "riskier" concerning the contribution of non-OH oxidation reactions under low-NO x conditions, or the fate of peroxyalkyl radicals (RO 2 ).…”

“…15 In these ways, high OH exposures (time × OH concentration) of 1 × 10 12 s cm −3 equivalent to up to 14 days and beyond may be reached, and were used to study OH-initiated SOA formation from VOCs, 16,17 combustion aerosols, 18,19 ambient air 20,21 and also heterogeneous oxidation of carbonaceous particulate matter. 22,23 However, concerns have been raised that OFR chemistry may be generally irrelevant to tropospheric chemistry. 15…”