Atmospheric and Ionospheric Signatures Associated with the 15 January 2022 Cataclysmic Hunga-Tonga Volcanic Eruption: A Multi-layer Observation

Ajith, K. K.; Sunil, A. S.; Sunil, P. S.; Thomas, Dhanya; Kunnummal, Priyesh; Rose, M. S.

doi:10.1007/s00024-022-03172-z

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…5b). These observations are consistent with pressure simulation results (Amores et al, 2022;Gusman et al, 2022) and ionospheric signatures retrieved over New Zealand (Ajith et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2022). In addition, when corrected for the travel time (see Fig.…”

Section: Ionospheric Signatures Of the Lamb Wavesupporting

confidence: 89%

Anatomy of the Tsunami and Lamb Waves-Induced Ionospheric Signatures Generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcanic Eruption

Munaibari

Rolland

Sladen

et al. 2023

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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As tsunamis propagate across open oceans, they remain largely unseen due to the lack of adequate sensors. To address this fundamental limitation of existing tsunami warnings, we investigate Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data to monitor the ionosphere Total Electron Content (TEC) for Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) created by tsunami-induced internal gravity waves (IGWs). The approach has been applied to regular tsunamis generated by earthquakes, while the case of undersea volcanic eruptions injecting energy into both the ocean and the atmosphere remains mostly unexplored. With both a regular tsunami and air-sea waves, the large 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption is a challenge. Here, we show that even in near-field regions (1000–1500 km), despite the complex wavefield, we can isolate the regular tsunami signature. We also highlight that the eruption-generated Lamb wave induces an ionospheric disturbance with a similar waveform and an amplitude spatial pattern consistent with IGW origin but with a quasi-constant propagation speed (~ 315 m/s). These results imply that when GNSS-TEC measurements are registered near an ocean bottom pressure sensor, they can help discriminating the regular tsunami from the initial air-sea waves appearing in the sensor observations.

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Section: Ionospheric Signatures Of the Lamb Wavesupporting

confidence: 89%

Anatomy of the Tsunami and Lamb Waves-Induced Ionospheric Signatures Generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcanic Eruption

Munaibari

Rolland

Sladen

et al. 2023

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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“…4 below). In addition to that paper, eight contributions on the 2022 Tonga eruption have already been published in PAGEOPH (Ajith et al, 2022 ; Borrero et al, 2023 ; Gusman et al, 2022 ; Imamura et al, 2022 ; Kulichkov et al, 2022 ; Ortíz-Huerta & Ortíz, 2022 ; Ramírez-Herrera et al, 2022 ; Tsukanova & Medvedev, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to “Sixty Years of Modern Tsunami Science, Volume 2: Challenges”

Kânoğlu

Rabinovich

Okal

et al. 2023

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Fifteen papers are included in this PAGEOPH topical issue “Sixty Years of Modern Tsunami Science, Volume 2: Challenges.” The issue starts with a general introduction, and then briefly summarizes all contributions, first papers addressing general topics, and then articles grouped on a regional basis: Northern Pacific, Southeast Pacific, Southwest Pacific and Indonesia, and Mediterranean regions.

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“…These waves propagated at a speed close to the speed of sound across the ocean's surface and are referred to as Lamb waves (Lamb, 1924). The propagation of these waves globally was well captured by satellites (Ajith et al., 2022; Otsuka, 2022), barographs (Harrison, 2022; Kulichkov et al., 2022), and seismometers (Matoza et al., 2022; Ringler et al., 2022). A brief description of Lamb wave is provided in Text S1 in Supporting Information .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic Eruption Triggers a Rare Meteotsunami in the Indian Ocean

Anup,

Rohith,

Vijith

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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This study presents the observation and evaluation of a meteotsunami in the Indian Ocean triggered by the Hunga‐Tonga volcanic eruption. The event was detected through tide gauges and bottom‐pressure recordings across the Indian Ocean, with an amplitude of 10–15 cm, lasting for a few days. A numerical model was used to understand the ocean's response to meteotsunami and evaluate the dynamics behind it. The model results show that the sea‐level oscillations result from the ocean waves generated by a propagating Lamb wave. In addition to interaction with bathymetry, refracted and reflected waves also determine the sea‐level variability. Our analysis shows that bathymetric slope plays a vital role in near‐shore processes. The spectral and spatial characteristics of the meteotsunami were reminiscent of seismic tsunamis. Our research on this rare event elucidates the unresolved issues and eventually leads to designing a blueprint for future observation and modeling of meteotsunamis and seismic tsunamis.

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Atmospheric and Ionospheric Signatures Associated with the 15 January 2022 Cataclysmic Hunga-Tonga Volcanic Eruption: A Multi-layer Observation

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Anatomy of the Tsunami and Lamb Waves-Induced Ionospheric Signatures Generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcanic Eruption

Anatomy of the Tsunami and Lamb Waves-Induced Ionospheric Signatures Generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcanic Eruption

Introduction to “Sixty Years of Modern Tsunami Science, Volume 2: Challenges”

Volcanic Eruption Triggers a Rare Meteotsunami in the Indian Ocean

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