Atmospheric deposition to watersheds in complex terrain

Lovett, Gary M.; Bowser, Jonathan J.; Edgerton, Eric S.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(199706)11:7<645::aid-hyp526>3.0.co;2-2

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition to droplet sedimentation, fog deposition is also introduced to represent direct droplet interception by the plant canopies. In the real world, it results from the turbulent exchange of fog water between the air and the surface below, leading to collection (Lovett et al, 1997). In numerical weather prediction models (NWPs), this process is not usually included, e.g.…”

Section: Presentation Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large eddy simulation of radiation fog: impact of dynamics on the fog life cycle

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Large eddy simulations (LESs) of a radiation fog event occurring during the ParisFog experiment are studied with a view to analyse the impact of the dynamics of the boundary layer on the fog life cycle. The LES, performed with the Meso-NH model at 5 m resolution horizontally and 1 m vertically, and with a 2-moment microphysical scheme, includes the drag effect of a tree barrier and the deposition of droplets on vegetation. The model shows good agreement with measurements of near-surface dynamic and thermodynamic parameters and liquid water path. The blocking effect of the trees induces elevated fog formation, as actually observed, and horizontal heterogeneities during the formation. It also limits cooling and cloud water production. Deposition is found to exert the most significant impact on fog prediction as it not only erodes the fog near the surface but also modifies the fog life cycle and induces vertical heterogeneities. A comparison with the 2 m horizontal resolution simulation reveals small differences, meaning that grid convergence is achieved. Conversely, increasing numerical diffusion through a wind advection operator of lower order leads to an increase in the liquid water path and has a very similar effect to removing the tree barrier. This study allows us to establish the major dynamical ingredients needed to accurately represent the fog life cycle at very high-resolution.

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Section: Presentation Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large eddy simulation of radiation fog: impact of dynamics on the fog life cycle

et al. 2017

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“…They speculated that higher wind speeds during dormancy could have accounted for the increased dryfall and subsequent throughfall deposition of the above stated ionic species. Lovett et al (1997), by inference, also acknowledged that wind speed affects throughfall solute fluxes. Although concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in throughfall did not exhibit a seasonal pattern, concentrations were positively correlated with temperature (Solinger et al, 2001).…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Variability Of Throughfall In Wooded mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of throughfall volume and solute inputs in wooded ecosystems

Levia¹,

Frost

2006

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

274

206

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Throughfall is a critical component of the hydrological and biogeochemical cycles of wooded ecosystems with a characteristically large degree of temporal and spatial variability. The highly variable nature of throughfall is of importance to scientists and natural resource managers concerned with the effects of water and solute inputs to the subcanopy, including understory vegetation, soil moisture, soil solution chemistry, and the fate of atmospheric dryfall. The purpose of this study is to critically review and evaluate the present state of knowledge pertaining to the temporal and spatial variability of throughfall volume and solute inputs in wooded ecosystems. The authors are optimistic that this review will facilitate the advancement of science by exposing gaps in our current understanding and mitigating the duplication of unwarranted research efforts. Several key areas where current knowledge is weak are: (1) the effect of meteorological conditions on the variability of throughfall volume; a data gap exists concerning the effects of precipitation type (eg, rain, snow, snow-to-rain, rain-to-snow), incident rain drop size, intensity, duration, wind speed and direction, and wind run on the throughfall variability; (2) the effect of meteorological conditions on the variability of throughfall solute inputs; (3) the role of canopy structure on precipitation partitioning into throughfall and stemflow and the variability of throughfall volume and solute inputs; (4) effects of epiphytes on the spatial variation of throughfall volume and solute inputs; (5) the physics and fluid dynamics of water flow over vegetative surfaces and its impact on throughfall yield and chemical enrichment; and (6) intraspecific variation of throughfall water and solute inputs. Future research projects undertaken with the specific aim of addressing the deficiencies identified will improve our understanding of interactions among the biosphere-atmosphere-lithosphere and promote better stewardship of forest and water resources.

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“…Atmospheric deposition is delivered by wet, dry and cloud deposition processes, and these processes are controlled by a wide range of landscape features, including canopy type and structure, topographic exposure, elevation and slope orientation (Lovett et al, 1997). The present study implied that atmospheric N deposition can show a very high degree of spatio-temporal variability, and so long-term monitoring on a larger spatial scale is needed on both the dry and wet deposition of atmospheric N, with more representative sites, in order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of N cycling and N balance in the coastal ecosystem.…”

Section: Potential Source Of Atmospheric Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%