Atmospheric discharge and dispersion of radionuclides during the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Part I: Source term estimation and local-scale atmospheric dispersion in early phase of the accident

Katata, Genki; Ota, Masakazu; Terada, Hiroaki; Chino, Masamichi; Nagai, Hiroki

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.02.006

Cited by 205 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1. This source term (new source term) is the latest update after the series of source term estimations by the combined analysis of environmental monitoring data and ATDM simulations at JAEA [1][2][3][4]. The major improvements from the source term used by UNSCEAR [4] are as follows: -Air dose rates from automatic monitoring posts of Fukushima Prefecture [12], which are located within 20 km from FDNPS, during the period from March 12 -16, 2011 were used.…”

Section: New Source Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have estimated the source term by comparing measurements of air concentration of radioactive materials or dose rate in the environment with calculated results by ATDM [1][2][3][4]. The ATDM used in these studies is WSPEEDI (Worldwide version of System for Prediction of Environmental Emergency Dose Information) [5] developed by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Updating source term and atmospheric dispersion simulations for the dose reconstruction in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident

et al. 2017

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Abstract. In order to assess the radiological dose to the public resulting from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident in Japan, especially for the early phase of the accident when no measured data are available for that purpose, the spatial and temporal distribution of radioactive materials in the environment are reconstructed by computer simulations. In this study, by refining the source term of radioactive materials discharged into the atmosphere and modifying the atmospheric transport, dispersion and deposition model (ATDM), the atmospheric dispersion simulation of radioactive materials is improved. Then, a database of spatiotemporal distribution of radioactive materials in the air and on the ground surface is developed from the output of the simulation. This database is used in other studies for the dose assessment by coupling with the behavioral pattern of evacuees from the FDNPS accident. By the improvement of the ATDM simulation to use a new meteorological model and sophisticated deposition scheme, the ATDM simulations reproduced well the 137 Cs and 131 I deposition patterns. For the better reproducibility of dispersion processes, further refinement of the source term was carried out by optimizing it to the improved ATDM simulation by using new monitoring data.

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Section: New Source Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating source term and atmospheric dispersion simulations for the dose reconstruction in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident

et al. 2017

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“…The ensuing rise in core temperatures initiated the highly exothermic reaction between the zirconium metal (Zircalloy) cladding material that surrounded each of the fuel rods and steam, which was released into the core following the opening of discharge valves used to alleviate the rising pressure within some of the RPVs (Kinoshita et al 2011). This caused a series of large hydrogen explosions and the ejection of various radionuclides into the atmosphere from a number of reactors (Katata et al 2012;Kinoshita et al 2011;Lozano et al 2011;Omoto 2013;Povinec, Hirose, and Aoyama 2013). Fallout spread primarily to the east over the neighbouring Pacific Ocean (80%) (Masson et al 2011;Yoshida and Kanda 2012), with the remainder dispersing inland, principally to the northwest as a result of the prevailing wind direction (Yasunari et al 2011); but in order to fully understand the extent of the contamination problem, detailed mapping of the affected areas was necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne radiation mapping: overview and application of current and future aerial systems

Connor

Martin

Scott

2016

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Nuclear power and associated activities are never far from scrutiny, the apparent advantages of the technology are juxtaposed by the risk of incidents perceived as being catastrophic. If a major nuclear incident was to occur, an important aspect of the response management to any radionuclide release would be the need to rapidly establish the spatial distributions and quantities of these released radionuclides, their type in addition to their corresponding activity. The data received from surveys would directly inform evacuation plans, on-site incident management strategies as well as protecting both workforce and public from harm. The disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in 2011 is perhaps the best example of the requirement for real time data collection to inform crucial decisions. Previous reviews of the event have observed that because the static on-site radiation detector network was destroyed by the 15 m high tsunami (following the magnitude 9.0 Great Tōhoku earthquake), it was not possible to immediately determine the radionuclide activity in the area and the danger presented to the responding workforce. Such preceding works have retrospectively highlighted the usefulness of unmanned aerial systems in providing real-time data within nuclear and non-nuclear settings. The establishment of an arbitrary 20 km exclusion zone surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi plant, with the displacement of over 150,000 people, has been viewed by many as an over-reaction -with many not having been required to be evacuated. This review examines and evaluates the previous as well as current work on aerial radiation monitoring and the future improvement that might be delivered by a combined three-dimensional (3D) radiation mapping platform. Combining detailed 3D topographical mapping with radiation surveying has powerful implications for the way that radiological contamination across a site might be measured and displayed in the future, both following radiological release events and in routine site monitoring. • Comprehensive review of airborne radiation mapping.• Exploration of potential future systems.• Comparison of the multiple flight, mapping, and detection systems.• Application of devices to a range of scenarios.

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“…In this nuclear accident, a computer-based nuclear emergency response system, Worldwide version of System for Prediction of Environmental Emergency Dose Information (WSPEEDI-II) developed by Japan Atomic Energy Agency was used to conduct atmospheric dispersion simulations from regional to hemispheric scales (Katata et al, 2012). This system consists of a meso-scale meteorological (MM) model and Lagrangian particle dispersion model, which can provide near real-time predictions of mean air concentrations and mean surface deposition of radionuclides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-eddy simulation of turbulent winds during the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident by coupling with a meso-scale meteorological simulation model

2015

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Abstract. A significant amount of radioactive material was accidentally discharged into the atmosphere from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant from 12 March 2011, which produced high contaminated areas over a wide region in Japan. In conducting regional-scale atmospheric dispersion simulations, the computerbased nuclear emergency response system WSPEEDI-II developed by Japan Atomic Energy Agency was used. Because this system is driven by a meso-scale meteorological (MM) model, it is difficult to reproduce smallscale wind fluctuations due to the effects of local terrain variability and buildings within a nuclear facility that are not explicitly represented in MM models. In this study, we propose a computational approach to couple an LES-based CFD model with a MM model for detailed simulations of turbulent winds with buoyancy effects under real meteorological conditions using turbulent inflow technique. Compared to the simple measurement data, especially, the 10 min averaged wind directions of the LES differ by more than 30 degrees during some period of time. However, distribution patterns of wind speeds, directions, and potential temperature are similar to the MM data. This implies that our coupling technique has potential performance to provide detailed data on contaminated area in the nuclear accidents.

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Atmospheric discharge and dispersion of radionuclides during the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Part I: Source term estimation and local-scale atmospheric dispersion in early phase of the accident

Cited by 205 publications

References 13 publications

Updating source term and atmospheric dispersion simulations for the dose reconstruction in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident

Updating source term and atmospheric dispersion simulations for the dose reconstruction in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident

Airborne radiation mapping: overview and application of current and future aerial systems

Large-eddy simulation of turbulent winds during the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident by coupling with a meso-scale meteorological simulation model

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