Atmospheric emission of nanoplastics from sewer pipe repairs

Morales, Ana C.; Tomlin, Jay M.; West, Christopher P.; Rivera-Adorno, Felipe; Peterson, Brianna N.; Sharpe, Steven A. L.; Noh, Yoorae; Sendesi, Seyedeh Mahboobeh Teimouri; Boor, Brandon E.; Howarter, John A.; Moffet, Ryan C.; China, Swarup; O'callahan, Brian; El‐Khoury, Patrick Z.; Whelton, Andrew J.; Laskin, Alexander

doi:10.1038/s41565-022-01219-9

Cited by 29 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, clothing is an important source of NPs in the environment, with 1 g of clothing releasing 2.1 × 10 11 and 3.3 × 10 11 NPs through the washing process and human wear and tear processes (Yang et al, 2021), respectively. More recently, an engineering study has shown that organic resin materials used in sewer rehabilitation may release large amounts of NPs into the air, releasing more than 0.25 tons NPs per project (Morales et al, 2022). In conclusion, more knowledge is urgently needed to quantify the production of NPs in the environment, especially the degradation of plastics in the natural environment.…”

Section: Major Sources Of Nps In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoplastic–plant interaction and implications for soil health

Zhou

Wang

Gao

et al. 2022

Soil Use and Management

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Nanoplastics (NPs) are accumulating in the soil environment at a rapid rate, which may cause serious consequences for ecosystems and human health. However, environmental behaviour and toxicity of NPs in the soil-plant system remain poorly understood. This review summarizes current studies on NP-plant interactions to unravel uptake mechanisms and phytotoxicity of NPs. NPs could be taken up by plant roots and transported upwards through the xylem to all organs of the plant, even to the edible parts such as the grain, thereby threatening human health.The interaction of NPs with plants affects plant transport of water and nutrients.Besides, it induces significant oxidative stress leading to inhibition of physiological and biochemical activities such as photosynthesis, and thus adversely affects plant growth and development. In addition, the co-transport of NPs with other soil pollutants may induce the combined toxic effects. This study also discussed the potential mechanism of NP-plant interactions based on previous experience with engineered nanomaterials. Finally, a comprehensive assessment of the key challenges in each area was presented, and future perspectives are offered.

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Section: Major Sources Of Nps In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoplastic–plant interaction and implications for soil health

Zhou

Wang

Gao

et al. 2022

Soil Use and Management

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“…Commonly, nanoplastics are perceived as submicron particles originating from the fragmentation and degradation of microplastics. , However, under natural conditions nanoplastic breakdown is a long-term process of several months to years, that is eventually inhibited by the increasing dominance of London–van der Waals forces with decreasing particle size. Recent research has also uncovered thermal stress as primary source of nanoplastic particles. , Contrary to fragmentation and degradation processes, abundant nanoparticles with diameters below 100 nm were found to be directly released within seconds . Evidently, current methods are blind to these small nanoplastic particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research has also uncovered thermal stress as primary source of nanoplastic particles. 17 , 18 Contrary to fragmentation and degradation processes, abundant nanoparticles with diameters below 100 nm were found to be directly released within seconds. 17 Evidently, current methods are blind to these small nanoplastic particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Nucleation of Supersaturated Water Vapor onto Sub-10 nm Nanoplastic Particles

Wlasits

Konrat

Winkler

2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Nanoplastic pollution by atmospheric transport processes is a recently discovered environmental problem on a global scale that is attributed to the dispersion of aerosolized nanoplastics. However, knowledge about the basic physicochemical properties of aerosol nanoplastic particles is scarce. Here, we present experiments on the heterogeneous nucleation of supersaturated water vapor onto sub-10 nm polyethylene terephthalate (PET) seeds. We determined onset saturation ratios for the activation of PET seeds in comparison to the well-documented reference system of silver particles, resulting in lower onset saturation ratios of the PET seeds compared to silver seeds. By using different PET bulk materials for the generation of nanoparticles, we report a strong material dependence of the onset saturation ratios, pointing to a strong effect of additives from commodity plastics in heterogeneous nucleation. Moreover, our results show a strong dependence on nucleation temperature that might be of immediate atmospheric relevance. Our work can be considered as an initial step in airborne nanoplastic detection by condensation techniques, and we anticipate our study to serve as a basis for further research that will eventually allow assessing the impact of nanoplastic dispersion on atmospheric processes.

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“…8−10 The lack of HAP emission data from CIPP companies and projects has inhibited air pollution regulatory attention. 11,12 Some CIPP manufacturing air sampling campaigns have been conducted but primarily focused on the HAP styrene. When styrene resins have been used, gas-phase concentrations in excess of 1,000 ppm were found before and during manufacture in ambient air.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) specifically apply to plastic composite manufacturing and classify sources based on their total HAP emitted per year. In 2022, the air pollution regulator for the U.S. District of Columbia began looking into VOC and HAP emissions but found information about emissions was lacking. − The lack of HAP emission data from CIPP companies and projects has inhibited air pollution regulatory attention. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Significance of Plastic Manufacturing Air Pollution Discharged into Terrestrial Environments and Real-Time Sensing Challenges

Noh

Xia

Zyaykina

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Cured-in-place-pipe (CIPP) is an onsite plastic manufacturing technology used in the U.S. and has not been evaluated for regulatory compliance with federal air pollution laws. The practice involves the discharge of manufacturing waste into the environment. The study goal was to estimate the magnitude of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) discharged into the atmosphere for styrene and nonstyrene composite manufacture and examine low-cost air monitoring sensor reliability. Timeresolved emission analysis revealed that VOC emission was not only isolated to the thermal curing period but also occurred before and after curing. In addition to the styrene monomer, other gasphase hazardous air pollutants regulated under the Clean Air Act were also emitted. Based on typical CIPP installations, 0.9 to 16.6 U.S. tons of emitted VOCs were estimated for styrene CIPPs, and 0.09 to 1.6 U.S. tons of emitted VOCs were estimated for nonstyrene CIPPs. Because the number and size of CIPPs manufactured in a single community can vary, the total air pollution burden will significantly differ across communities. Low-cost VOC sensors commonly utilized near CIPP manufacturing activities did not accurately quantify styrene and should not be relied upon for that purpose. Up to several thousand-fold detection differences were observed. Regulatory evaluation of CIPP air pollution and PID sensor reliability assessments are recommended.

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Atmospheric emission of nanoplastics from sewer pipe repairs

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Nanoplastic–plant interaction and implications for soil health

Nanoplastic–plant interaction and implications for soil health

Heterogeneous Nucleation of Supersaturated Water Vapor onto Sub-10 nm Nanoplastic Particles

Regulatory Significance of Plastic Manufacturing Air Pollution Discharged into Terrestrial Environments and Real-Time Sensing Challenges

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