Atmospheric molecular hydrogen (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;): observations at the high-altitude site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland

Bond, S. W.; Vollmer, Martin K.; Steinbacher, Martin; Henne, Stephan; Reimann, Stefan

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00509.x

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…CO exhibits a latitudinal gradient in the northern hemispheric free troposphere with smaller values towards the south. Thus, decreased CO levels at JFJ are often associated with free tropospheric advection of southern air masses (Bond et al, 2011). In the present case, increased PM 10 and decreased CO agree well with the advection of Saharan air masses without further surface contact over Northern Italy as derived from the transport simulation.…”

Section: Number Of In Per Unit Mass Of Pm 10 Depends On Air Mass Originsupporting

confidence: 75%

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM10 filters

Conen

Henne

Morris³

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Small number concentrations render it difficult to quantify ice nucleators (IN) in the atmosphere active at warm temperatures. A useful new method for IN measurement based around filter collections is proposed. It makes use of quartz filters used in 24 h PM 10 monitoring (720 m 3 air sample). Small subsamples (1.8 mm diameter) from the effective filter area and from the clean fringe (blank) are subjected to immersion freezing tests. We applied the method to eight filters from the High Alpine Research Station Jungfraujoch (3580 m above sea level) in the Swiss Alps. All filters carried IN active at −7 • C and below. Number concentrations of IN active at −8, −10, and −12 • C were on average 3.3, 10.7, and 17.2 m −3 , respectively. Several-fold larger numbers of IN active at ≥ −12 • C per unit mass of PM 10 were found in air masses influenced by Swiss and southern German atmospheric boundary layer air, compared to a Saharan dust event. In combination with data on PM 10 mass, the method may be used to re-construct time series of IN number concentrations.

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Section: Number Of In Per Unit Mass Of Pm 10 Depends On Air Mass Originsupporting

confidence: 75%

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM10 filters

Conen

Henne

Morris³

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…Model values for the H 2 mixing ratios are compared with available data from a subset of stations from the EuroHydros project [ Engel and EUROHYDROS PIs , ] within the high‐resolution zoom region over Europe, namely Mace Head (Ireland) [ Grant et al ., ], London (United Kingdom) [ Fowler et al ., ], Weybourne (United Kingdom), Cabauw (The Netherlands) [ Popa et al ., ], Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France) [, ], Taunus (Germany), Heidelberg (Germany) [ Hammer and Levin , ], Jungfraujoch (Switzerland) [ Bond et al ., ], and Bialystok (Poland); see Figure . The global scale performance for the H 2 mixing ratios is evaluated using flask sampling data from the CSIRO network measured at Alert (Canada), Cape Ferguson (Australia), Cape Grim (Australia), Casey Station (Antarctica), Macquarie Island (Australia), Mauna Loa (United States), Mawson (Antarctica), and the South Pole.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reassessing the variability in atmospheric H₂ using the two‐way nested TM5 model

et al. 2013

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[1] This work reassesses the global atmospheric budget of H 2 with the TM5 model. The recent adjustment of the calibration scale for H 2 translates into a change in the tropospheric burden. Furthermore, the ECMWF Reanalysis-Interim (ERA-Interim) data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) used in this study show slower vertical transport than the operational data used before. Consequently, more H 2 is removed by deposition. The deposition parametrization is updated because significant deposition fluxes for snow, water, and vegetation surfaces were calculated in our previous study. Timescales of 1-2 h are asserted for the transport of H 2 through the canopies of densely vegetated regions. The global scale variability of H 2 and ıD[H 2 ] is well represented by the updated model. H 2 is slightly overestimated in the Southern Hemisphere because too little H 2 is removed by dry deposition to rainforests and savannahs. The variability in H 2 over Europe is further investigated using a high-resolution model subdomain. It is shown that discrepancies between the model and the observations are mainly caused by the finite model resolution. The tropospheric burden is estimated at 165˙8 Tg H 2 . The removal rates of H 2 by deposition and photochemical oxidation are estimated at 53˙4 and 23˙2 Tg H 2 /yr, resulting in a tropospheric lifetime of 2.2˙0.2 year.Citation: Pieterse, G., et al. (2013), Reassessing the variability in atmospheric H 2 using the two-way nested TM5 model,

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“…On the other hand, the H 2 seasonal cycles in background air masses at similar latitudes were shown to have the maximum later, in spring (e.g. Barnes et al, 2003;Bond et al, 2011;Ehhalt and Rohrer, 2009;Grant et al, 2010b;Novelli et al, 1999;Simmonds et al, 2000). If we look at the "baseline" curve in Fig.…”

Section: Seasonal Cycles Of H 2 and Comentioning

confidence: 99%

H2 vertical profiles in the continental boundary layer: measurements at the Cabauw tall tower in The Netherlands

et al. 2011

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Abstract. In-situ, quasi-continuous measurements of atmospheric hydrogen (H 2 ) have been performed since October 2007 at the Cabauw tall tower station in the Netherlands. Mole fractions of H 2 , CO and several greenhouse gases are determined simultaneously in air sampled successively at four heights, between 20 and 200 m above ground level. 222 Rn measurements are performed in air sampled at 20 and 200 m.This H 2 dataset represents the first in-situ, quasicontinuous long-term measurement series of vertical profiles of H 2 in the lower continental boundary layer. Seasonal cycles are present at all heights in both H 2 and CO, and their amplitude varies with the sampling height. The seasonality is evident in both the "baseline" values and in the short term (diurnal to synoptic time scales) variability, the latter being significantly larger during winter.The observed H 2 short term signals and vertical gradients are in many cases well correlated to other species, especially to CO. On the other hand, H 2 has at times a unique behaviour, due to its particular distribution of sources and sinks. Our estimation for the regional H 2 soil uptake flux, using the radon tracer method, is (−1.89 ± 0.26) × 10 −5 g/(m 2 h), significantly smaller than other recent results from Europe.H 2 /CO ratios of the traffic emissions computed from our data, with an average of 0.54 ± 0.07 mol:mol, are larger and more variable than estimated in some of the previous studies in Europe. This difference can be explained by a different driving regime, due to the frequent traffic jams in the influence area of Cabauw. The H 2 /CO ratios of the large scale pollution events have an average of 0.36 ± 0.05 mol:mol;Correspondence to: M. E. Popa (epopa2@yahoo.com) these ratios were observed to slightly increase with sampling height, possibly due to a stronger influence of soil uptake at the lower sampling heights.

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Atmospheric molecular hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>): observations at the high-altitude site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM<sub>10</sub> filters

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM<sub>10</sub> filters

Reassessing the variability in atmospheric H₂ using the two‐way nested TM5 model

H<sub>2</sub> vertical profiles in the continental boundary layer: measurements at the Cabauw tall tower in The Netherlands

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Atmospheric molecular hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>): observations at the high-altitude site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; filters

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; filters

Reassessing the variability in atmospheric H2 using the two‐way nested TM5 model

H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; vertical profiles in the continental boundary layer: measurements at the Cabauw tall tower in The Netherlands

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM<sub>10</sub> filters

Atmospheric ice nucleators active ≥ −12 °C can be quantified on PM<sub>10</sub> filters

Reassessing the variability in atmospheric H₂ using the two‐way nested TM5 model

H<sub>2</sub> vertical profiles in the continental boundary layer: measurements at the Cabauw tall tower in The Netherlands