Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment

Kirkby, Jasper; Amorim, António; Baltensperger, Urs; Carslaw, Kenneth S.; Christoudias, Theodoros; Curtius, Joachim; Donahue, Neil M.; Haddad, Imad El; Flagan, Richard C.; Gordon, Hamish; Hansel, Armin; Harder, Hartwig; Junninen, Heikki; Kulmala, Markku; Kürten, Andreas; Laaksonen, Ari; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Lelieveld, Jos; Möhler, Ottmar; Riipinen, Ilona; Stratmann, Frank; Tomé, Antonio; Virtanen, Annele; Volkamer, Rainer; Winkler, Paul M.; Worsnop, Douglas R.

doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01305-0

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…During the day, due to air mixing, the concentrations of air ions of both polarities are approximately the same within the measurement error. Suspended particles are the deionizing factor of atmospheric air [6]. Even with the remoteness of the measurement zone from the sources of dust and aerosol production (in this case, the nearest highway is located at a distance of 300-400 m), the concentration of suspended particles was at least 7000 cm -3 .…”

Section: Discussion Of the Results Of Research Into The Processes Of ...mentioning

confidence: 86%

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Study of air deionization factors

Tykhenko,

Glyva,

Levchenko

et al. 2024

EEJET

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The object of research is the dynamics in the concentration of air ions and suspended particles in atmospheric air and in supply-exhaust ventilation systems. An urgent task is to determine the factors and obtain quantitative data on the deionization of the atmospheric air that enters the environment where people live. Quantitative data on changes in the concentration of air ions depending on the time of day, temperature, and relative air humidity have been established. It was shown that even in the absence of significant man-made influence on the concentration of suspended particles, this indicator is at least 7000 cm-3. In the presence of wind, this indicator reaches 30000 cm-3 and higher. Measurement of the spectrum of suspended particles in the range of 0,3–6,0 μm showed that the predominant fraction is particles with sizes of about 3 μm. Studies have been conducted on changes in the concentrations of air ions in supply-exhaust ventilation systems. It was established that in the air duct made of galvanized iron, which has a length of 16 m, the concentration of negative air ions is reduced by 67 %, and positive by 78 %. Laboratory studies of air deionization in air ducts made of different materials were carried out. There is significant air deionization in metal and cardboard ducts while it is absent in wooden ducts. This indicates the electrical nature of deionization. A calculation method for forecasting the aero-ionic mode of premises, taking into account the factors of air deionization, is proposed. For rooms with supply-exhaust ventilation, a calculation apparatus is proposed taking into account the air exchange rate (the number of complete air changes per unit of time). The results make it possible to choose the required performance of artificial air ionization devices for normalizing the aero-ionic regimes in the premises

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Section: Discussion Of the Results Of Research Into The Processes Of ...mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A significant body of research considers the physics of the atmosphere. The interaction of atmospheric air ions with suspended particles was studied in [5], and with secondary organic aerosols in [6]. In all these studies, air ions are considered as factors affecting the dynamics of suspended particles.…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of air deionization factors

Tykhenko,

Glyva,

Levchenko

et al. 2024

EEJET

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“…Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) is the first step for the formation of cloud condensation nuclei that has profound impacts on the air quality, human health, and climate. 1 Typically, the nucleation process initially involves the aggregation of atmospheric gases such as SO 3 , H 2 O, NH 3 , and volatile organic compounds by forming molecular clusters, which can undergo fast reactions either in the gas phase or at the catalytic air−water interface. 2 Then, the less volatile compounds form and further undergo phase transformation from vapor to liquid or solid, among which condensable sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) 3 and sulfamic acid (NH 2 SO 3 H, SFA) as well as the highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) 4 are believed as the important nucleation agents for NPF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of the Water–HNSO₂ Complex

Xue,

Shao,

et al. 2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Sulfamic acid (NH 2 SO 3 H, SFA) is supposed to play an important role in aerosol new particle formation (NPF) in the atmosphere, and its formation mainly arises from the SO 3 −NH 3 reaction system in which weakly bonded donor−acceptor complexes such as SO 3 •••NH 3 and isomeric HNSO 2 •••H 2 O have been proposed as the key intermediates. In this study, we reveal the first spectroscopic observation of HNSO 2 •••H 2 O in two forms in a solid Ar matrix at 10 K. The major form consists of two intermolecular H bonds by forming a sixmembered ring structure with a calculated dissociation energy of 7.6 kcal mol −1 at the CCSD(T)-F12a/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The less stable form resembles SO 3 •••H 2 O in containing a pure chalcogen bond (S•••O) with a dissociation energy of 7.2 kcal mol −1 . The characterization of HNSO 2 •••H 2 O with matrixisolation IR spectroscopy is supported by D-and 18 O-isotope labeling and quantum chemical calculations.

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“…Methylamines (MAs) are low molecular weight, organic nitrogen compounds ubiquitous in marine environments. , Recognized roles for the MAs in the marine nitrogen cycle include their remineralization as a source of nitrogen and carbon for microbes and a source of base to the atmosphere, which contributes to new particle formation. − As marine volatiles, oceanic losses of MAs via the sea–air interface could impact atmospheric chemistry by forming cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) . Despite their abundance and environmental significance, little is known about MA production, distribution, and fate, while fluxes are also poorly characterized. , Interest in the understanding of MA occurrence and cycling has increased in the past decade, and one approach proposed to bridge knowledge gaps is a robust assessment of existing analytical techniques for aqueous analysis, including preconcentration steps …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Method for the Sensitive Analysis of Volatile Amines in Seawater

Akenga,

Fitzsimons

2024

ACS EST Water

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Methylamines are polar, volatile, and organic nitrogen-containing compounds. They are challenging to analyze, limiting our understanding of their occurrence and role within the marine nitrogen cycle. We describe an automated headspace solidphase microextraction method, coupled with gas chromatography and nitrogen phosphorus detection (HS-SPME-GC-NPD), for analyzing methylamines in seawater. Three SPME conditions were investigated: temperature, equilibration, and extraction. The method was 6−24 times more sensitive to trimethylamine (TMA) than to dimethylamine (DMA) and monomethylamine (MMA). DMA and TMA were detected in small seawater volumes (2.5−10 mL), at volumes 100−400 times that previously reported. Detection limits of 19.1, 6.6, and 4.1 nM (nMol L −1 ) for MMA, DMA, and TMA, respectively, were measured in 10 mL sample volumes. Sample throughput was 4−6 times greater than previously reported similar methods. According to the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) metric, the method was considered "practical" and scored 62.5. The method was used to measure methylamines in seawater samples collected from the Southern Ocean. DMA and TMA were detected at concentrations from < LoD-35 nM and < LoD-48 nM, respectively. This study offers a systematic and standardized method for MA analysis in seawater and can significantly advance understanding of their role in marine systems.

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Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment

Cited by 18 publications

References 99 publications

Study of air deionization factors

Study of air deionization factors

Observation of the Water–HNSO₂ Complex

Automated Method for the Sensitive Analysis of Volatile Amines in Seawater

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Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment

Cited by 18 publications

References 99 publications

Study of air deionization factors

Study of air deionization factors

Observation of the Water–HNSO2 Complex

Automated Method for the Sensitive Analysis of Volatile Amines in Seawater

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Observation of the Water–HNSO₂ Complex