Atmospheric occurrence, homologue patterns and source apportionment of short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins in Shanghai, China: Biomonitoring with Masson pine (Pinus massoniana L.) needles

Wang, Xuetong; Zhou, Jun; Lei, Bingli; Zhou, Jingming; Xu, Si-Yue; Hu, Bao-Ping; Wang, Deqing; Zhang, Dongping; Wu, Minghong

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.240

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1 C–F ). The lack of cytokine specific autophagy activity occurred despite IL-13 and IL-4 signaling as indicated by the expected [51] increase in phospho-STAT6 levels ( Supplemental Fig. 1 G,H ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Autophagy regulates DUOX1 localization and superoxide production in airway epithelial cells during chronic IL-13 stimulation

et al. 2018

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The airway epithelium is a broad interface with the environment, mandating well-orchestrated responses to properly modulate inflammation. Classically, autophagy is a homeostatic pathway triggered in response to external cellular stresses, and is elevated in chronic airway diseases. Recent findings highlight the additional role of autophagy in vesicle trafficking and protein secretion, implicating autophagy pathways in complex cellular responses in disease. Th2 cytokines, IL-13 and IL-4, are increased in asthma and other airway diseases contributing to chronic inflammation. Previously, we observed that IL-13 increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in airway epithelial cells in an autophagy-dependent fashion. Here, we tested our hypothesis that autophagy is required for IL-13-mediated superoxide production via the NADPH oxidase DUOX1. Using a mouse model of Th2-mediated inflammation induced by OVA-allergen, we observed elevated lung amounts of IL-13 and IL-4 accompanied by increased autophagosome levels, determined by LC3BII protein levels and immunostaining. ROS levels were elevated and DUOX1 expression was increased 70-fold in OVA-challenged lungs. To address the role of autophagy and ROS in the airway epithelium, we treated primary human tracheobronchial epithelial cells with IL-13 or IL-4. Prolonged, 7-day treatment increased autophagosome formation and degradation, while brief activation had no effect. Under parallel culture conditions, IL-13 and IL-4 increased intracellular superoxide levels as determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Prolonged IL-13 activation increased DUOX1, localized at the apical membrane. Silencing DUOX1 by siRNA attenuated IL-13-mediated increases in superoxide, but did not reduce autophagy activities. Notably, depletion of autophagy regulatory protein ATG5 significantly reduced superoxide without diminishing total DUOX1 levels. Depletion of ATG5, however, diminished DUOX1 localization at the apical membrane. The findings suggest non-canonical autophagy activity regulates DUOX1-dependent localization required for intracellular superoxide production during Th2 inflammation. Thus, in chronic Th2 inflammatory airway disease, autophagy proteins may be responsible for persistent intracellular superoxide production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Autophagy regulates DUOX1 localization and superoxide production in airway epithelial cells during chronic IL-13 stimulation

et al. 2018

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“…CPs are ubiquitously spread in the environment. − CPs with carbon chain lengths ranging from C 8 to C 36 were found in Swedish coastal sediment dating back to the 1930s, with MC and LCCPs dominating in most sediment samples . Concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs reached 6.6 μg g –1 and 38 μg g –1 in sediment samples from the Pearl River Delta in South China .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation Potential of CPs in Aquatic Organisms: Uptake and Depuration in Daphnia magna

Castro

Sobek

Yuan

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are industrial chemicals, subdivided into three categories: short chain (SCCPs), medium chain (MCCPs), and long chain (LCCPs) chlorinated paraffins. SCCPs are currently restricted in Europe and North America. MC and LCCPs are being used as substitution products, but there is a knowledge gap concerning their bioaccumulation potential in aquatic organisms. In this work, we performed laboratory bioconcentration (passive uptake) and bioaccumulation (including dietary uptake) experiments with Daphnia magna using five different CP technical substances. All tested CP technical substances were bioaccumulative in D. magna, with log BCF and log BAF values ranging between 6.7−7.0 and 6.5−7.0 (L kg lipid −1 ), respectively. An increase in carbon chain length and an increase in chlorine content (% w/w) of the CP technical substances had significant positive effects on the log BCF and log BAF values. For the different CP technical substances, 50% depuration was achieved after 2 to 10 h when D. magna were transferred to clean media. Our results show that SC, MC, and LCCPs are (very)bioaccumulative in aquatic organisms. We believe these data can aid the ongoing policy discussion concerning the environmental risk posed by CPs.

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“…Substitution of MCCPs and LCCPs for SCCPs is underway in metal working and leather processing . However, some studies indicate that MCCPs and LCCPs are more problematic than SCCPs due to longer carbon chains and higher chlorine content, which might slow down biodegradation and increase susceptibility to bioaccumulation. , CPs are widespread among almost all environmental matrices, including air, , water, , soil, sediment, and wildlife, , but also in other matrices such as sewage sludge, e-waste, household dust, − and human breast milk …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The large number of isomers, chlorine isotope patterns, and fragmentationand possible interferences with confirmation ionsmake a high-resolving power of the analytical method necessary. Previous GC-based methods developed for CP determination offered determination of the sum of CPs in a sample, but had not the capability to provide information on congener composition. ,,,− Through the recent development of direct injection negative-ion APCI quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (APCI-qTOF HRMS) with the aid of mathematical deconvolution, individual congener groups can be resolved from the mass spectrum of each CP mixture to make up a congener group pattern. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning of Chlorinated Paraffins (CPs) to Daphnia magna Overlaps between Restricted and in-Use Categories

Castro

Breitholtz

Yuan

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are high-production volume industrial chemicals consisting of n-alkanes (with 10 to 30 carbon atoms in the chain) with chlorine content from 30 to 70% of weight. In Europe, the use of short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) has been restricted by the Stockholm Convention on POPs due to their PBT (persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic) properties. Medium (MCCPs) and long chain (LCCPs) chlorinated paraffins are used as substitution products. In this work we studied the partitioning behavior of five different CP technical mixtures from the established categories (2 SCCPs, 1 MCCP, 1 LCCP and 1 CP technical mixture covering all categories) using passive dosing, by determining the partitioning coefficient of CP technical mixtures between silicone and water ( K) as well as between organic matter and water ( K). We show that both silicone-water and organic carbon-water partition coefficients overlap between different categories of CP technical mixtures. These results indicate that in-use MCCPs and LCCPs may be equally or more bioaccumulative than restricted SCCPs. For the tested mixtures, both chlorine content and carbon chain length showed a significant correlation with both K and K.

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Atmospheric occurrence, homologue patterns and source apportionment of short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins in Shanghai, China: Biomonitoring with Masson pine (Pinus massoniana L.) needles

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Autophagy regulates DUOX1 localization and superoxide production in airway epithelial cells during chronic IL-13 stimulation

Autophagy regulates DUOX1 localization and superoxide production in airway epithelial cells during chronic IL-13 stimulation

Bioaccumulation Potential of CPs in Aquatic Organisms: Uptake and Depuration in Daphnia magna

Partitioning of Chlorinated Paraffins (CPs) to Daphnia magna Overlaps between Restricted and in-Use Categories

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