Atmospheric teleconnections involving the Southern Ocean

Carleton, Andrew M.

doi:10.1029/2000jc000379

Cited by 111 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(370 reference statements)

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“…For example, Lefebvre et al (2004) showed that the SAM has a pronounced nonannular component that generates low (high) pressure anomalies to the west of the Antarctic Peninsula during strongly positive (negative) SAM events, thereby mapping onto the ASL. Similarly, several authors (e.g., Carleton 2003;Yuan and Li 2008) demonstrated that tropical Pacific forcing associated with ENSO is rapidly transmitted to the southeast Pacific via the PSA standing wave train and modulates the intensity and geometry of the ASL. Fogt et al (2011) emphasized the role of the interaction between the SAM and ENSO in shaping the response of the ASL to large-scale climate variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ASL has been suggested both to experience significant modulation by the major atmospheric modes (Chen et al 1996;Simmonds and King 2004) and to have intensified in recent decades (Turner et al 2009). It has been suggested that the Pacific-South America (PSA) teleconnection, which plays a prominent role in transmitting ENSO events to high southern latitudes (Carleton 2003), may be significant in modulating the ASL. (The PSA is a standing wave train of atmospheric anomalies that originates in the western equatorial Pacific and manifests in a series of high and low pressure systems crossing southeastward across the South Pacific toward the southwest AtlanticWeddell Sea.)…”

Section: Driving Mechanisms Of the Observed Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of Mode and Intermediate Water Mass Properties in Drake Passage by the Amundsen Sea Low

Garabato

McDonagh

et al. 2013

Journal of Climate

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The evolution of the physical properties of Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) in the Drake Passage region is examined on time scales down to intraseasonal, within the 1969-2009 period. Both SAMW and AAIW experience substantial interannual to interdecadal variability, significantly linked to the action of the Amundsen Sea low (ASL) in their formation areas. Observations suggest that the interdecadal freshening tendency evident in SAMW over the past three decades has recently abated, while AAIW has warmed significantly since the early 2000s. The two water masses have also experienced a substantial lightening since the start of the record. Examination of the mechanisms underpinning water mass property variability shows that SAMW characteristics are controlled predominantly by a combination of air-sea turbulent heat fluxes, cross-frontal Ekman transport of Antarctic surface waters, and the evaporation-precipitation balance in the Subantarctic zone of the southeast Pacific and Drake Passage, while AAIW properties reflect air-sea turbulent heat fluxes and sea ice formation in the Bellingshausen Sea. The recent interdecadal evolution of the ASL is consistent with both the dominance of the processes described here and the response of SAMW and AAIW on that time scale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Driving Mechanisms Of the Observed Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Mode and Intermediate Water Mass Properties in Drake Passage by the Amundsen Sea Low

Garabato

McDonagh

et al. 2013

Journal of Climate

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“…Simmonds & Jacka 1995, Yuan & Martinson 2001, Carleton 2003, and this may impact on the sea-ice/rainfall relationship. However, it should be noted that the set of anomalously wet and dry years derived from Fig.…”

Section: Potential Relationships With Ensomentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Antarctic sea-ice and South African winter rainfall

Blamey¹,

Reason²

2007

Clim. Res.

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Evidence is presented of a statistical relationship between anomalies in winter sea-ice over the South Atlantic sector of the Antarctic and winter rainfall over western South Africa. A positive (negative) correlation exists between sea-ice concentration over the Weddell Sea/Drake Passage region (east of the Weddell Sea from 0 to 30°E) and rainfall between May and September. When broken down into early, mid and late winter, the relationships appear stronger for early (May to July) and mid (June to August) winter than for late (July to September) winter and the month of July. In all cases, the relationships occur at 1 to 2 mo lead, suggesting that some predictability of winter rainfall may exist based on sea-ice concentration found earlier in the season. Analysis of circulation patterns associated with anomalously wet and dry winters from 1982 to 2004 indicates that the former are characterised by a cyclonic anomaly over southern South Africa that stretches southwest over the mid-latitude South Atlantic. In addition, there are increases in low level westerly moisture flux, and enhanced uplift, relative cyclonic vorticity and convergence over and upstream of the region. These patterns, combined with evidence of a northward shifted and more intense subtropical jet, indicate that the mid-latitude storm track is located anomalously far north during wet winters and that the cold fronts, which climatologically bring most of the annual rainfall, are likely to intensify just upstream of southwestern South Africa. KEY WORDS: South African Climate · Antarctic sea-ice Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherClim Res 33: [183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193] 2007 cumpolar Current and atmospheric westerlies, facilitates interaction between atmospheric and oceanic circulation in the mid to high latitudes (White & Peterson 1996, Reason 2000, Renwick 2002 as well as the transmission of mid-latitude climate anomalies around the hemisphere. The most obvious example of the latter is the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (White & Peterson 1996). As yet, no clear evidence of the influence of this phenomenon on South African climate has been found; however, there are indications that it affects the climate of Gough and Marion Islands located near 40°S and 48°S in the southeast Atlantic and southwest Indian Oceans respectively (Melice et al. 2005).In terms of seasonal variability, most calculations of sea-ice extent vary from a minimum of 3 to 5 million km 2 in February to a maximum of 17 to 20 million km 2 in September (Peixoto & Oort 1992, Wadhams 1994, Godfred-Spenning & Simmonds 1996, Eicken & Lemke 2001. However, the lack of reliable long-term data for Antarctic sea-ice is problematic for studies of Southern Hemisphere climate variability. Satellite data available since the late 1970s has resulted in increased observations and coverage of remote areas in the Southern Hemisphere. Other Antarctic sea-ice data sets that extend back before the 1970s are based on other sourc...

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“…However, they found that statistically analysis using climatological data within large area explained partially long-term and short-term variations. In addition, previous researches (Jenouvrier et al, 2004;White et al, 2002;, Carleton, 2003;Yuan, 2004;Lee et al, 2010) suggested that these short-and long-term changes in sea water temperature in the Southern Ocean was linked to ENSO events, and these change in sea water temperature matched well with the sea-ice extent and the propagation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW). In particular, the ACW and ENSO cycles are considered as main factors driving the warming trend around the Southern Ocean (Karoly et al, 1989;Rasmusson and MO, 1993;, and the ACW which propagates eastward with the circumpolar flow with a period of 4-5 years also has been linked to the ENSO cycles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%