Atmospheric Tests of a Variable Combustor Geometry for Reducing Gas Turbine Emissions

Saintsbury, J. A.; Sampath, P.

doi:10.1115/1.3447311

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…A number of variable geometry concepts have been proposed by several researchers, the typical low configurations can be found in Adkins [117] and Hayashi et al [118], Schultz [119,120], Cupta et al [121], Fletcher [122] and Saintsbury and Sampath [123], Furthermore, the variable geometry combustor has been developed for automotive gas turbines. Figure 48 shows the geometry of an LPP combined with variable geometry combustors used for a 100 horse-power engine by the Allison Division of GE Motor [124].…”

Section: Technology Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of modern low emissions combustion technologies for aero gas turbine engines

Liu

Sun

Sethi

et al. 2017

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

252

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Pollutant emissions from aircraft in the vicinity of airports and at altitude are of great public concern due to their impact on environment and human health. The legislations aimed at limiting aircraft emissions have become more stringent over the past few decades. This has resulted in an urgent need to develop low emissions combustors in order to meet legislative requirements and reduce the impact of civil aviation on the environment. This article provides a comprehensive review of low emissions combustion technologies for modern aero gas turbines. The review considers current high Technologies Readiness Level (TRL) technologies including Rich-Burn Quick-quench Lean-burn (RQL), Double Annular Combustor (DAC), Twin Annular Premixing Swirler combustors (TAPS), Lean Direct Injection (LDI). It further reviews some of the advanced technologies at lower TRL. These include NASA multi-point LDI, Lean Premixed Prevaporised (LPP), Axially Staged Combustors (ASC) and Variable Geometry Combustors (VGC). The focus of review is placed on working principles, a review of the key technologies (includes the key technology features, methods of realising the technology, associated technology advantages and design challenges, progress in development), technology application and emissions mitigation potential. The article concludes the technology review by providing a technology evaluation matrix based on a number of combustion performance criteria including altitude relight auto-ignition flashback, combustion stability, combustion efficiency, pressure loss, size and weight, liner life and exit temperature distribution.

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Section: Technology Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of modern low emissions combustion technologies for aero gas turbine engines

Liu

Sun

Sethi

et al. 2017

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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On the Operational Characteristics of a Multi-annular Swirl Burner

Gupta

Béer

Swithenbank

1978

Combustion Science and Technology

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Steady and Dynamic Performance and Emissions of a Variable Geometry Combustor in a Gas Turbine Engine

Hales

2003

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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One of the remedies to reduce the major emissions production of nitric oxide NOx, carbon monoxide (CO), and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) from conventional gas turbine engine combustors at both high and low operating conditions without losing performance and stability is to use variable geometry combustors. This type of combustor configuration provides the possibility of dynamically controlling the airflow distribution of the combustor based on its operating conditions and therefore controlling the combustion in certain lean burn conditions. Two control schemes are described and analyzed in this paper: Both are based on airflow control with variable geometry, the second including fuel staging. A model two-spool turbofan engine is chosen in this study to test the effectiveness of the variable geometry combustor and control schemes. The steady and dynamic performance of the turbofan engine is simulated and analyzed using an engine transient performance analysis code implemented with the variable geometry combustor. Empirical correlations for NOx, CO, and UHC are used for the estimation of emissions. Some conclusions are obtained from this study: (1) with variable geometry combustors significant reduction of NOx emissions at high operating conditions and CO and UHC at low operating condition is possible; (2) combustion efficiency and stability can be improved at low operating conditions, which is symbolized by the higher flame temperature in the variable geometry combustor; (3) the introduced correlation between nondimensional fuel flow rate and air flow ratio to the primary zone is effective and simple in the control of flame temperature; (4) circumferential fuel staging can reduce the range of air splitter movement in most of the operating conditions from idle to maximum power and have the great potential to reduce the inlet distortion to the combustor and improve the combustion efficiency; and (5) during transient processes, the maximum moving rate of the hydraulic driven system may delay the air splitter movement but this effect on engine combustor performance is not significant.

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Atmospheric Tests of a Variable Combustor Geometry for Reducing Gas Turbine Emissions

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Review of modern low emissions combustion technologies for aero gas turbine engines

Review of modern low emissions combustion technologies for aero gas turbine engines

On the Operational Characteristics of a Multi-annular Swirl Burner

Steady and Dynamic Performance and Emissions of a Variable Geometry Combustor in a Gas Turbine Engine

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