Atom-Molecule Rabi Oscillations in a Mott Insulator

Syassen, Niels; Bauer, Dominik; Lettner, Matthias; Dietze, D.; Volz, Thomas; Dürr, Stephan; Rempe, Gerhard

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.99.033201

Cited by 35 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This kind of Rabi oscillations was observed in the experiments with 87 Rb in deep optical lattices [438]. It is interesting to compare this solution with that obtained in Ref.…”

Section: Two Atomic Constituents On One Lattice Sitesupporting

confidence: 77%

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Ultracold bosons with short-range interaction in regular optical lattices

2016

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During the last decade, many exciting phenomena have been experimentally observed and theoretically predicted for ultracold atoms in optical lattices. This paper reviews these rapid developments concentrating mainly on the theory. Different types of the bosonic systems in homogeneous lattices of different dimensions as well as in the presence of harmonic traps are considered. An overview of the theoretical methods used for these investigations as well as of the obtained results is given. Available experimental techniques are presented and discussed in connection with theoretical considerations. Eigenstates of the interacting bosons in homogeneous lattices and in the presence of harmonic confinement are analyzed. Their knowledge is essential for understanding of quantum phase transitions at zero and finite temperature.

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“…This kind of Rabi oscillations was observed in the experiments with 87 Rb in deep optical lattices [438]. It is interesting to compare this solution with that obtained in Ref.…”

Section: Two Atomic Constituents On One Lattice Sitesupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In the three-dimensional lattice and in the Gaussian approximation [see Eq. (15)], it has the form [435,438] …”

Section: Hamiltonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultracold bosons with short-range interaction in regular optical lattices

2016

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“…Rabi oscillations have been seen with MFRs in thermal bosons [22], bosonic-atom pairs in a Mott insulator state in an optical lattice [23], and a Bose-Fermi mixture [24]. Magnetoassociation is now a common tool for creating quantum degenerate molecular gases and exploring the unique properties of universal Feshbach molecules [3,22,25,26].…”

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confidence: 99%

Rabi Oscillations between Atomic and Molecular Condensates Driven with Coherent One-Color Photoassociation

et al. 2013

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We demonstrate coherent one-color photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate, which results in Rabi oscillations between atomic and molecular condensates. We attain atom-molecule Rabi frequencies that are comparable to decoherence rates by driving photoassociation of atoms in an 88 Sr condensate to a weakly bound level of the metastable 1 S0+ 3 P1 molecular potential, which has a long lifetime and a large Franck-Condon overlap integral with the ground scattering state. Transient shifts and broadenings of the excitation spectrum are clearly seen at short times, and they create an asymmetric excitation profile that only displays Rabi oscillations for blue detuning from resonance.Coherent conversion of atoms into molecules in quantum degenerate gases provides a path to create molecular condensates, and it is also of fundamental interest because of the complex dynamics of many-body systems with nonlinear couplings [1]. It has been demonstrated with magnetic-field ramps near a magnetic Feshbach resonance (MFR) [2,3] and with different configurations of two-color photoassociation (PA) [4][5][6][7]. Coherent onecolor PA has typically been considered inaccessible due to the short lifetime of excited molecular states in alkalimetal atoms [8]. In addition, the observation of giant Rabi oscillations between atomic and molecular condensates has remained elusive, although it has been discussed extensively since the earliest days of the study of quantum gases [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Here, we demonstrate coherent, one-color PA and Rabi oscillations between atomic and molecular condensates. We also observe transient shifts and broadenings of the excitation spectra at short times and indications of universal dynamics on resonance [8], all of which have not been experimentally studied previously. We access the coherent regime by photoassociating atoms in an 88 Sr condensate [20] to a weakly bound level of the metastable 1 S 0 + 3 P 1 molecular potential. This yields a long molecular lifetime and a large Franck-Condon overlap integral between ground and excited states, which allows atom-molecule coupling to exceed loss and decoherence rates. [6,28]. These two-color processes are typically coherent, as demonstrated, for example, by the suppression of PA loss [4]. Rabi oscillations between atomic and ground molecular condensates driven by twocolor PA [12,[14][15][16] have never been observed, even in optical lattices [5], although two-photon Raman coupling was recently used to observe Rabi oscillations in a degenerate Fermi gas [29]. Spontaneous Raman scattering by molecules presents a formidable challenge to accessing a regime in which the two-photon coupling exceeds the decoherence rate [5].Coherence seems even less accessible in one-color PA because of the short lifetime of excited molecular states. Simply increasing the laser intensity and atom-molecule Rabi frequency does not necessarily offer a solution because transfer of population to noncondensate atomic states becomes dominant at high laser cou...

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“…More relevant to this work, the coherent couplingĈ (in the form of Rabi oscillations) between two unbound bosonic atoms and a weakly bound molecular state at a magnetic Feshbach resonance has been first demonstrated in Ref. 40, and subsequently shown in other remarkable experiments starting either from a Bose-Einstein condensate [41] or a Mott insulator in a deep optical lattice [42]. The association of Feshbach molecules starting from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate suggests the possibility of creating an equally coherent molecular Bose-Einstein condensate [43].…”

Section: F Experimental Relevancementioning

confidence: 86%

Multiple transitions of coupled atom-molecule bosonic mixtures in two dimensions

2016

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Motivated by the physics of coherently coupled, ultracold atom-molecule mixtures, we investigate a classical model possessing the same symmetry -namely a U (1)×Z2 symmetry, associated with the mass conservation in the mixture (U (1) symmetry), times the Z2 symmetry in the phase relationship between atoms and molecules. In two spatial dimensions the latter symmetry can lead to a finitetemperature Ising transition, associated with (quasi) phase locking between the atoms and the molecules. On the other hand, the U (1) symmetry has an associated Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition towards quasi-condensation of atoms or molecules. The existence of the two transitions is found to depend crucially on the population imbalance (or detuning) between atoms and molecules: when the molecules are majority in the system, their BKT quasi-condensation transition occurs at a higher temperature than that of the atoms; the latter has the unconventional nature of an Ising (quasi) phase-locking transition, lacking a finite local order parameter below the critical temperature. When the balance is gradually biased towards the atoms, the two transitions merge together to leave out a unique BKT transition, at which both atoms and molecules acquire quasi-long-range correlations, but only atoms exhibit conventional BKT criticality, with binding of vortex-antivortex pairs into short-range dipoles. The molecular vortex-antivortex excitations bind as well, but undergo a marked crossover from a high-temperature regime in which they are weakly bound, to a low-temperature regime of strong binding, reminiscent of their transition in the absence of atom-molecule coupling.

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Atom-Molecule Rabi Oscillations in a Mott Insulator

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Ultracold bosons with short-range interaction in regular optical lattices

Ultracold bosons with short-range interaction in regular optical lattices

Rabi Oscillations between Atomic and Molecular Condensates Driven with Coherent One-Color Photoassociation

Multiple transitions of coupled atom-molecule bosonic mixtures in two dimensions

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