Atomic Force Microscopy: A Powerful Tool for Electrical Characterization

Tararam, R.; García, Pamela Soto; Deda, Daiana K.; Varela, José Arana; Leite, Fábio L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-49778-7.00002-3

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The principle of non-destructive electrical contact relies on the physics underlying the non-destructive measurement mode in atomic force microscopy (AFM) [ 14 , 32 , 33 ]. Figure 3 depicts a typical force curve in AFM.…”

Section: Concept Of Non-destructive Robust Electrical Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A commercially available prober that uses metal needles as a probe, such as in Figure 1 a, scratches specimens and damages the surface, as seen in Figure 1 b. Therefore, metal evaporation [ 1 , 12 , 13 ] or conductive AFM (atomic force microscopy) [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] has usually been employed to make electrical contact with specimens. However, these methods have drawbacks: metal evaporation contaminates specimens, preventing further measurements, and AFM requires precise feedback.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Area-Controlled Soft Contact Probe: Non-Destructive Robust Electrical Contact with 2D and Fragile Materials

Yoshitake,

Omata,

Kanematsu

2024

Materials

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We developed a soft contact probe capable of making electrical contact with a specimen without causing damage. This probe is now commercially available. However, the contact area with the probe changes according to the pressure applied during electric contact, potentially affecting electric measurements when current density or electric field strength is critical. To address this, we developed methods to control the area of electric contact. This article reports on these methods, as well as variations in probe size, pressure for electric contact, probe materials, and attachment to commercial probers.

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Section: Concept Of Non-destructive Robust Electrical Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Area-Controlled Soft Contact Probe: Non-Destructive Robust Electrical Contact with 2D and Fragile Materials

Yoshitake,

Omata,

Kanematsu

2024

Materials

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“…AFM is another microscopy technique that has been commonly used to inspect nanoemulsion‐containing films, particularly to investigate their surface roughness. This technique relies upon a sensing probe that passes over the film surface, interacting with it and generating a scanning signal, which is finally converted into 3D images that allow to discern the topographic features of the studied sample (Tararam, Garcia, Deda, Varela, & de Lima Leite, ). In most cases, AFM is used together with SEM, the former allowing the quantification of surface roughness (Alexandre et al., ; Chen et al., ; Imran et al., ; Pérez‐Córdoba et al., ).…”

Section: Characterization Of Nanoemulsion‐containing Food Packaging Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoemulsions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Bio‐Based Active Food Packaging

Espitia

Fuenmayor²,

Otoni

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

161

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The increasing demands for foods with fresh‐like characteristics, lower synthetic additive and preservative contents, and low environmental footprint, but still safe to consume, have guided researchers and industries toward the development of milder processing technologies and more eco‐friendly packaging solutions. As sustainability acquires an increasingly critical relevance in food packaging, bio‐based and/or biodegradable materials stand out as suitable alternatives to their synthetic counterparts. In this context, the use of nanoemulsions has represented a step forward for improving the performance of sustainable food packaging devices, especially for the successful incorporation of new compounds and functionalities into conventional films and coatings. This class of emulsions, featuring unique optical stability and rheological properties, has been developed to protect, encapsulate, and deliver hydrophobic bioactive and functional compounds, including natural preservatives (such as essential oils from plants), nutraceuticals, vitamins, colors, and flavors. This article presents the surfactants (including naturally occurring proteins and carbohydrates), dispersants, and oil‐soluble functional compounds used for designing food‐grade nanoemulsions intended for packaging applications. The improved kinetic stability, bioavailability, and optical transparency of nanoemulsions over conventional emulsions are discussed considering theoretical concepts and real experiments. Bottom‐up and top‐down approaches of nanoemulsion fabrication are described, including high‐energy (such as high‐pressure homogenizers, microfluidics, ultrasound, and high‐speed devices) and low‐energy methods (for instance, phase inversion and spontaneous emulsification). Finally, incorporation of nanoemulsions in biopolymer matrixes intended for food packaging applications is also addressed, considering current characterization techniques as well as their potential antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens.

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Characterization of hydroxyapatite tablet by X-ray computed microtomography aiming at the construction of a low-cost bone tissue phantom

et al. 2022

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Atomic Force Microscopy: A Powerful Tool for Electrical Characterization

Cited by 7 publications

References 87 publications

Area-Controlled Soft Contact Probe: Non-Destructive Robust Electrical Contact with 2D and Fragile Materials

Area-Controlled Soft Contact Probe: Non-Destructive Robust Electrical Contact with 2D and Fragile Materials

Nanoemulsions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Bio‐Based Active Food Packaging

Characterization of hydroxyapatite tablet by X-ray computed microtomography aiming at the construction of a low-cost bone tissue phantom

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