Atomic force microscopy as a biophysical tool for nanoscale forensic investigations

Yadavalli, Vamsi K.; Ehrhardt, Christopher J.

doi:10.1016/j.scijus.2020.10.004

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…AFM can add in the characterization of the "trace DNA" deposited on various surface during any mutual contact. The stiffness of DNA's double strand can be discriminated from its single strand and counting of the copied DNA can be done by using AFM [31].…”

Section: Morphological Comparison Of Rbcs On Mica (A) and Glass (C) A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscope in Forensic Examination

Ansari¹

2022

Electron Microscopy

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Criminal activities have their footprints from time immemorial and nature of crime has drastically changed over a period of time. There is neither a geographical boundary, nor technical limitations. Moreover terrorist’s activities, drug trafficking eco-crimes, high-profile crimes, robbery hit and run cases, building collapse, petroleum products adulteration are some of latest forms of crimes. In last 20 years, scanning probe microscopes have emerged as an essential technique in various fields, and atomic force microscope (AFM) is most commonly used scanning probe technique which has shown its wide range of application in examination of various evidences encountered on crime scene. Major advantages of AFM involve its high resolution in three dimensions, and sample is not necessary to be conductive and it does not need to be operated within a vacuum. It helps in studying a large range of topographies and many types of materials can be imaged under it. Evidences such as blood, fibers, hair, soil, finger prints, gunshot residue, pollen, etc. found on crime scene at nano- or micro-level can be examined under AFM. The chapter describes applications of AFM with respect to its application in examination of evidences that can help in bringing justice.

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Section: Morphological Comparison Of Rbcs On Mica (A) and Glass (C) A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscope in Forensic Examination

Ansari¹

2022

Electron Microscopy

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“…A structural map of the sample is provided by this instrument and it is generated based on the forces acting between the surface of the particle and the probe tip. Contact and non-contact modes of scanning are the types of scanning in AFM analysis [ 227 ]. The probe taps the surface of the sample to generate a topographical map of the particle in contact mode and in non-contact mode, and the probe tip hovers on the conducting surface of the sample [ 228 ].…”

Section: Characterization Of Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and PHA-Based Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are storage granules found in bacteria that are essentially hydroxy fatty acid polyesters. PHA molecules appear in variety of structures, and amongst all types of PHAs, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is used in versatile fields as it is a biodegradable, biocompatible, and ecologically safe thermoplastic. The unique physicochemical characteristics of these PHAs have made them applicable in nanotechnology, tissue engineering, and other biomedical applications. In this review, the optimization, extraction, and characterization of PHAs are described. Their production and application in nanotechnology are also portrayed in this review, and the precise and various production methods of PHA-based nanoparticles, such as emulsion solvent diffusion, nanoprecipitation, and dialysis are discussed. The characterization techniques such as UV-Vis, FTIR, SEM, Zeta Potential, and XRD are also elaborated.

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“…16,17 It can analyze the three-dimensional topography of nanoliposomes immobilized on a solid substrate and measure the mechanical properties by scanning the nanoliposome surface with an AFM cantilever without freezing, chemical fixation, or staining. 15,18 Since the rigidity of nanoliposomes is affected by their structure and geometry, the rigidity of different nanoliposomes can be more directly compared using Young's modulus, and the influence can be eliminated by obtaining the corresponding Young's modulus through the formula model. 19,20 AFM provides a quantitative method to analyze the rigidity of nanoliposomes with different compositions and will help regulate the stability and cell uptake efficiency of clinical nanoliposome preparations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the physical feedback mechanism of rigidity changes in nanoliposomes has not been systematically investigated, which is essential for understanding biological function and developing effective drug delivery systems. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a novel instrument with high resolution at the atomic level that has become a technique for estimating the rigidity of a membrane. , It can analyze the three-dimensional topography of nanoliposomes immobilized on a solid substrate and measure the mechanical properties by scanning the nanoliposome surface with an AFM cantilever without freezing, chemical fixation, or staining. , Since the rigidity of nanoliposomes is affected by their structure and geometry, the rigidity of different nanoliposomes can be more directly compared using Young’s modulus, and the influence can be eliminated by obtaining the corresponding Young’s modulus through the formula model. , AFM provides a quantitative method to analyze the rigidity of nanoliposomes with different compositions and will help regulate the stability and cell uptake efficiency of clinical nanoliposome preparations. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Nanoliposome Rigidity and Bioavailability of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin with Phytosterols Containing Different C3 Branches

Liu,

Sun,

Yan

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The rigidity of nanoliposomes significantly influences their physical stability and in vitro and in vivo behaviors (e.g., cellular uptake, blood circulation, biodistribution, etc.). This study aimed to quantify the rigidity of the nanoliposomes composed of phytosterol with varying C3 branches and phospholipids (DPPC, DOPC) using atomic force microscopy. Young’s modulus, determined by the Shell model, effectively differentiated between mechanical differences in nanoliposomes with varying components and component structure and phase states. FTIR results indicated that P-SG exhibited the highest Young’s modulus (175.98 ± 10.53 MPa) due to the hydrogen bond between the glucose residue of steryl glycosides (SGs) and the phospholipid polar head. However, the rigidity of DOPC nanoliposomes was not significantly different due to the unsaturated bond. The addition of oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPC) did not change the order of rigidity among the nanoliposomes, with P-SG-OPC having the highest Young’s modulus (126.27 ± 2.06 MPa). In the simulated gastrointestinal tract experiment, P-SG-OPC exhibited the greatest stability, with minimal particle aggregation. Cellular uptake experiments revealed that DPPC nanoliposomes with high rigidity had optimal endocytosis, while DOPC nanoliposome uptake was independent of rigidity. In melanin production inhibition tests, the inhibitory effect correlated directly with Young’s modulus and P-SG-OPC had the best inhibitory effect on melanin generation. Our findings in this study provide valuable insights into the design and optimization of nanoliposomes for the efficient delivery of active substances, offering potential solutions for improving the efficacy of drug delivery systems.

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Atomic force microscopy as a biophysical tool for nanoscale forensic investigations

Cited by 12 publications

References 98 publications

Atomic Force Microscope in Forensic Examination

Atomic Force Microscope in Forensic Examination

The Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and PHA-Based Nanoparticles

Regulation of Nanoliposome Rigidity and Bioavailability of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin with Phytosterols Containing Different C3 Branches

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